In piezoelectricity and piezoelectric ceramics, one of the following options is false:(A). Piezoelectricity allows an electrical signal to be transformed into a mechanical one.(B). PbZrO3 is a well-known piezoelectric ceramic.(C). Piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in general have no relationship.(D). One of the applications of piezoelectricity is sonar.

In piezoelectricity and piezoelectric ceramics, one of the following options is false:(A). Piezoelectricity allows an electrical signal to be transformed into a mechanical one.(B). PbZrO3 is a well-known piezoelectric ceramic.(C). Piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in general have no relationship.(D). One of the applications of piezoelectricity is sonar.

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter22: Inorganic Materials

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 52AP

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Most ceramic materials have low thermal conductivities because:(a) Electron mobility is strongly restricted due to their strong ionic-covalent bonding.(b) False, in general they are excellent thermal conductors (they are used in ovens).(c) Electron mobility is dependent on T and therefore they are poor conductors at high temperatures.(d) Electron mobility is very restricted by secondary bonds.
In the initial linear section of the stress-strain curve of a metal or alloy. Explain from the point of view of atomic structure?(a) No, the atomic level properties of the material can never be related to the linear section.(b) The elastic zone is influenced by the strength of the bonds between atoms.(c) The stronger the bond, the less rigid and the lower the Young's Modulus of the material tested.(d) The stronger the bond, the less stress is necessary to apply to the material to deform it elastically.
Most ceramic materials have low thermal conductivities because(a) Electron mobility is strongly restricted due to their strong ionic-covalent bonding.(b) False, in general they are excellent thermal conductors (they are used in ovens).(c) Electron mobility is dependent on T and therefore they are poor conductors at high temperatures.(d) Electron mobility is highly restricted by secondary bonds.
A particular form of cinnabar (HgS) adopts the zinc blendestructure. The length of the unit cell edge is 5.852 Å.(a) Calculate the density of HgS in this form. (b) The mineraltiemannite (HgSe) also forms a solid phase with the zincblende structure. The length of the unit cell edge in thismineral is 6.085 Å. What accounts for the larger unit celllength in tiemmanite? (c) Which of the two substances hasthe higher density? How do you account for the differencein densities?
(a) The unit cells of three structural types of ionic solids are shown below (the anions appear light and the cations dark). The anions occupy the lattice positions. X (B) (A) (i) Name the common structural type for (A), (B) and (C). (Hint: a typical structural type is rutile (T1O₂).] (C) (ii) The structures (A), (B) and (C) can be considered as packing of anlons with the cations occupying specific types of hole. For each structure: state the unit cell that the packing of anions is based on. state which holes are occupied by the cations and what fraction of them are occupied. State the coordination numbers of the cations and anions for (A), (B) and (C).
An ideal quantum dot for use in TVs does not contain anycadmium due to concerns about disposal. One potentialmaterial for this purpose is InP, which adopts the zinc blende (ZnS) structure (face-centered cubic). The unit celledge length is 5.869 Å. (a) If the quantum dot is shaped likea cube, how many of each type of atom are there in a cubiccrystal with an edge length of 3.00 nm? 5.00 nm? (b) Ifone of the nanoparticles in part (a) emits blue light and theother emits orange light, which color is emitted by the crystalwith the 3.00-nm edge length? With the 5.00-nm edgelength?
Question Seven (a) For refractory ceramic materials, cite two characteristics that improve with and two characteristics that are adversely affected by increasing porosity. (b) Show that the minimum cation-to-anion radius ratio for a coordination number of 4 is 0.225. (Hint: Use the AX crystal structure, assuming the anion spheres touch in plane). (c) The unit cell for Al>O; has hexagonal symmetry with lattice parameters a = 0.4759 nm and c 1.2 nm. If the density of this material is equal to 3.99 g/cm' and is calculated according to the formuka n'(EAc+ EA) VcNA Calculate the atormic packing factor for Al>O1, given that the ionic radius for AI is 0.053 nm and i 0' is 0.140 nm. Take N = 6.023 x 1023 atoms'mole. (d) Mention any three industrial ceramics and indicate their applications.
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Which of these statements is false?(a) As you go down column 4A in the periodic table, the elementalsolids become more electrically conducting. (b) Asyou go down column 4A in the periodic table, the band gapsof the elemental solids decrease. (c) The valence electroncount for a compound semiconductor averages out to fourper atom. (d) Band gap energies of semiconductors rangefrom ∼0.1 to 3.5 eV. (e) In general, the more polar the bondsare in compound semiconductors, the smaller the band gap.
(a) Pure iron has a change in crystal structure from BCC to FCC when heating up above 912°C. If the atomic radius of an Fe atom is 0.124 nm, calculate the volumes of the FCC and BCC unit cells. (b)Recall that there are two atoms per BCC unit cell, and four atoms per FCC unit cell. With this information in mind, calculate the percent change in volume of a sample of pure Fe as it transforms from an FCC to a BCC structure upon cooling below 912°C. Specify if this percent change manifests as an increase or decrease in volume of the sample.
(a) A hypothetical compound MB2 crystallises in the rutile lattice structure. (i) Draw the lattice structure of the unit cell MB2. (ii) Show by calculation that the stoichiometry of the formula is consistent with the structure. (iii) Determine the coordination number of the MB₂ unit cell.
A unit cell has a=5Å, b=5Å, c-8Å, a=90°, B-90° ad y=90°. What will be the Bravais lattice for this unit cell? Mention the following for each of the given crystallographic cubic planes. (a) Intercepts in the x, y and z coordinates (b) Reciprocals (c) Final index of the crystal plane 1/2