In order to determine whether factors influence or interact with each other, a researcher must use two experiments. a factorial design. a between-subjects design. a mixed design.
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- Part A: A researcher wants to determine if there is a relationship between having been to college and preferring cats or dogs. Perform the appropriate test based on the following data: Cats Dogs College 42 52 No College 36 47 (Rows: College. Columns: Cats vs Dogs) Part B: Test the hypothesis that the same proportion of students find the following pet-types to be their favorite. Cats Dogs Rocks Turtles 29 31 26 26Let’s say a psychologist suspects that emotions affect people’s eating habits, but that the eating habits of anxious people are affected differently. Ten highly anxious subjects are randomly divided into two equal-sized groups, one of which views a horror movie while the other watches a comedy. Ten non-anxious control subjects are similarly divided. The number of ounces of popcorn eaten by each subject during the movie is recorded. How many independent variables are there in this design? Name each of the factors and levels (using appropriate descriptors from the paragraph): How many total conditions (groups) are there in this design? Name the dependent variable:Basketball players can take shots worth 3 points, 2 points, or 1 point. A scout is assessing two players- Tabitha and Lauren-who play for different teams in different leagues. The scout wonders if they have similar or different shot selections. They take a random sample of Tabitha's games and a separate random sample of Lauren's games. They tally how many of each type of shot the players attempted in those games. Here is a summary and the results of a chi-square test: Chi-square test: Shot vs. player Tabitha Lauren 3-point 8 12 Expected 10.34 9.66 2-point 40 37 Expected 39.83 37.17 1-point 12 Expected 9.83 9.17 x² = 2.097, DF = 2, P-value = 0.350 %3D Assume that all conditions for inference were met. At the a = 0.05 significance level, what is the most appropriate conclusion to draw from this test? Choose 1 answer: This is convincing evidence that the distribution of shot type differs between Tabitha and Lauren.
- You may need to use the appropriate technology to answer this question. A certain manufacturer is a producer of aluminum components for the avionics and automotive industries. At its plant, an engineer has conducted a quality-control test in which aluminum coils produced in all three shifts were inspected. The study was designed to determine if the population proportion of good parts was the same for all three shifts. Sample data follow. Production Shift Quality First Second Third Good 282 364 172 Defective 18 36 28 (1) Using a 0.05 level of significance, conduct a hypothesis test to determine if the population proportion of good parts is the same for all three shifts. State the null and alternative hypotheses. A) H0: p1 = p2 = p3 Ha: Not all population proportions are equal. B) H0: p1 ≠ p2 ≠ p3 Ha: All population proportions are equal. C) H0: At least two population proportions are equal. Ha: p1 ≠ p2 ≠ p3 D) H0: Not all population proportions are equal. Ha: p1 =…A group of 600 patients who suffer from seasonal allergies is asked to participate in a study to determine the effectiveness of a new medication. The patients are divided randomly into two groups, one was given the actual medication and one received a placebo pill. After 2 months of treatment, 64% of the patients who took the medication had fewer allergy symptoms, while only 36% of those who took the placebo had fewer allergy symptoms. a. What is the treatment variable? b. What is the response (or outcome) variable? c. Was this an observational study or a controlled experiment? Explain how you know. d. Assuming the rest of the study was well-designed, use your answers to discuss whether it would be reasonable to conclude that taking the new medication caused fewer allergy symptoms.Education influences attitude and lifestyle. Differences in education are a big factor in the "generation gap." Is the younger generation really better educated? Large surveys of people age 65 and older were taken in n1 = 38 U.S. cities. The sample mean for these cities showed that x1 = 15.2% of the older adults had attended college. Large surveys of young adults (age 25 - 34) were taken in n2 = 37 U.S. cities. The sample mean for these cities showed that x2 = 18.1% of the young adults had attended college. From previous studies, it is known that ?1 = 6.4% and ?2 = 4.8%. Does this information indicate that the population mean percentage of young adults who attended college is higher? Use ? = 0.05. (c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) A random sample of n1 = 12 winter days in Denver gave a sample mean pollution index x1 = 43. Previous studies show that ?1 = 15. For Englewood (a suburb of Denver), a random sample of n2 = 16 winter days gave a…
- Psychologists at Disney World measured factors that affect the scariness of the soundtrack for their Haunted House ride. In particular, they were interested in the loudness of the screams (soft versus loud) and the length of the screams (short versus long). They used a 2 × 2 factorial design to test how these factors combined. They collected data from 10 different riders in each of the four conditions. Each rider rated the scariness of the ride on a nine-point scale. short screams long screams soft screams T=38, n = 10, SS = 13.6 T=64, n = 10, SS = 22.4 loud screams T=52, n=10, SS = 29.6 T=50, n=10, SS = 16.0 For these data: G = 204, N = 40, X2 = 1156. 1. Sketch a dataplot of the mean rating in each condition. 2. Calculate SS total, the total sum of squares 3. Calculate SSwithin, the within-treatments sum of squares. 4. Calculate SSbetween, the between-treatments sum of squares. 5. Calculate SSA the sum of squares for Factor A (length of scream). 6. Calculate SSB, the sum of squares…A student researcher wants to test the hypothesis that an individual’s sex and education levels affect one’s political views. They examine males and females among three different education levels: high school, undergraduate, and graduate. Analysis: Ho:Which research design studies only people who are initially free of the disease of interest? Explain how this study design is different from the rest of the research designs a. Case control b. Cohort c. Cross sectional d. Experimental
