In an effort to determine if rats perform certain tasks more quickly if offered larger rewards, the following experiment was performed. On day 1, a group of four rats was given a reward of one food pellet each time they climbed a ladder. A second group of four rats was given a reward of five food pellets each time they climbed a ladder. On day 2, the groups were reversed, so the first group now got five food pellets for each climb and the second group got only one pellet for climbing the same ladder. The average times in seconds for each rat to climb the ladder 30 times are shown in the following table. Rat A B C D E F G H Time 1 pellet 12.1 13.5 11.2 12.1 11.0 10.4 14.6 12.3 Time 5 pellets 11.1 12.2 12.0 10.6 11.5 10.5 12.9 11.0 What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

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