In a certain population of finches, a single gene controls beak length. There are two possible alleles: S, which leads to a short beak, and L, which leads to a long beak. Individuals with the genotype SS will have a short beak, individuals with the genotype LL will have a long beak, and individuals with the genotype SL will have a medium-length beak. Scientists measure that in this population of 1,128 total birds, 321 birds have short beaks, 562 have medium-length beaks, and 245 have long beaks. Ten years later, the measurements are repeated. This time, there were 1,346 birds in the population. 452 have short beaks, 699 have medium-length beaks, and 195 have long beaks. Based on the data collected 10 years later, is this population of finches currently evolving? How do you know? A. yes because more individuals in the population exhibit the SS genotype than would be expected if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium B. no because the number of individuals that exhibit the SL genotype matches what would be expected if the population was in in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium C. no because fewer individuals in the population exhibit the SS genotype than would be expected if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium D. yes because more individuals in the population exhibit the LL genotype than would be expected if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Gene Flow
Gene flow, also known as gene migration, is the introduction of genetic material from a particular population to another population of the same species through interbreeding. For example, a bee facilitates its reproductive process by carrying pollen from one flower to another. The flow alters the composition of the gene pool of the receiving population. It introduces new alleles within the population and helps increase variability. This exchange of genetic material occurs through reproduction and brings about new combinations of traits into the population. Where human beings are concerned, actual migration of populations, whether voluntary or forced, brings about gene flow.
Population Biology
Population biology is the study of patterns in organism populations, specifically the growth and management of population size, population genetics, the evolution of life history, species interactions, and demography.
Speciation
The process of speciation involves the formation of new species during evolution. The new species evolve in such a way that both new and old species are not able to interbreed. Thus, speciation occurs when few members of one species get separated from the main species due to geographical, mechanical, or reproductive isolation. These separated members develop new traits that make them different from the main species. In other words, speciation could be defined as the absence of gene flow between two populations that become new species.
Allele Fixation
A gene is a unit of heredity and contains both physical and functional information that shapes an individual. Genes are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carry genetic information from one generation to another, from one set of parents to their offspring, and so on. Every cell in a human body, or any living organism, has the same DNA, which implies that every cell in an individual’s body has all the information it needs to build and sustain the body!
In a certain population of finches, a single gene controls beak length. There are two possible alleles: S, which leads to a short beak, and L, which leads to a long beak. Individuals with the genotype SS will have a short beak, individuals with the genotype LL will have a long beak, and individuals with the genotype SL will have a medium-length beak. Scientists measure that in this population of 1,128 total birds, 321 birds have short beaks, 562 have medium-length beaks, and 245 have long beaks.
Ten years later, the measurements are repeated. This time, there were 1,346 birds in the population. 452 have short beaks, 699 have medium-length beaks, and 195 have long beaks.
Based on the data collected 10 years later, is this population of finches currently evolving? How do you know?
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A. yes because more individuals in the population exhibit the SS genotype than would be expected if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
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B. no because the number of individuals that exhibit the SL genotype matches what would be expected if the population was in in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
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C. no because fewer individuals in the population exhibit the SS genotype than would be expected if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
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D. yes because more individuals in the population exhibit the LL genotype than would be expected if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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