In 1992, the U.S. Public Health Service and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that all women of childbearing age consume 400mg of folic acid daily to reduce the risk of having a pregnancy that is affected by a neural tube defect such as spina bifida or anencephaly. In a study by Stepanuk et al. (A-3), 693 pregnant women called a teratology information service about their use of folic acid supplementation. The researchers wished to determine if preconceptional use of folic acid and race are independent. The data appear in Table below: Total Preconceptional Use of Folic Acid Race No Yes 559 299 260 White 56 41 15 Black 21 14 7 Other 636 354 282 Total Test the hypothesis that there is no association between the usage of folic acid and race with 5% significant level and using SPSS (Choose only 4 correct answers from the following statements): 1. The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables are dependent. H1: The two variables are independent 2. The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables are not associated. H1: The two variables are associated 3. The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables are related. H1: The two variables are not related 4. The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables have relationship. H1: The two variables have no relationship 5. The test statistic = 9.481 6. The test statistic = 6.766 7. The test statistic = 9.091 8. The test statistic = 5.990 9. The p-value = 0.001 10. The p-value = 0.011 11. The p-value = 0.010 12. The p-value = 0.009 13. The conclusion is: There is strong relationship between folic acid usage and race 14. The conclusion is: There is no association between folic acid usage and race 15. The conclusion is: There is association between folic acid usage and race 16. The conclusion is: There is no strong relationship between folic acid usage and race
In 1992, the U.S. Public Health Service and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that all women of childbearing age consume 400mg of folic acid daily to reduce the risk of having a pregnancy that is affected by a neural tube defect such as spina bifida or anencephaly. In a study by Stepanuk et al. (A-3), 693 pregnant women called a teratology information service about their use of folic acid supplementation. The researchers wished to determine if preconceptional use of folic acid and race are independent. The data appear in Table below:
Total |
Preconceptional Use of Folic Acid |
Race |
|
No | Yes | ||
559 | 299 | 260 | White |
56 | 41 | 15 | Black |
21 | 14 | 7 | Other |
636 | 354 | 282 | Total |
Test the hypothesis that there is no association between the usage of folic acid and race with 5% significant level and using SPSS (Choose only 4 correct answers from the following statements):
1. |
The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables are dependent. H1: The two variables are independent |
|
2. |
The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables are not associated. H1: The two variables are associated |
|
3. |
The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables are related. H1: The two variables are not related |
|
4. |
The null and alternative hypothesis are: H0: The two variables have relationship. H1: The two variables have no relationship |
|
5. | The test statistic = 9.481 | |
6. | The test statistic = 6.766 | |
7. | The test statistic = 9.091 | |
8. | The test statistic = 5.990 | |
9. | The p-value = 0.001 | |
10. | The p-value = 0.011 | |
11. | The p-value = 0.010 | |
12. | The p-value = 0.009 | |
13. | The conclusion is: There is strong relationship between folic acid usage and race | |
14. | The conclusion is: There is no association between folic acid usage and race | |
15. | The conclusion is: There is association between folic acid usage and race | |
16. | The conclusion is: There is no strong relationship between folic acid usage and race |
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