If a giant molecular cloud is 60 pc in diameter and a shock wave sweeps through at 25 km/s, how long will it take the shock wave (in years) to sweep through the cloud?
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If a giant molecular cloud is 60 pc in diameter and a shock wave sweeps through at 25 km/s, how long will it take the shock wave (in years) to sweep through the cloud?
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- 1) a) Calculate the Jeans length for the dense core of a giant molecular cloud with T=10 K, n = 1010/m³, and µ=2. b) Estimate the adiabatic sound speed for this core, using y=5/3. c) Use this speed to find the amount of time required for a sound wave to cross the cloud t3=2Rj/vs. d) Compare your answer with the free-fall scale and comment your results.If a contracting protostar is two times the radius of the Sun and has a temperature of only 1890 K, how luminous will it be relative to the Sun?If an open cluster contains 650 stars and is 27 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? (Hint: On average, what share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?)
- If an open cluster contains 350 stars and is 48 pc in diameter, what is the average distance between the stars? On average what, share of the volume of the cluster surrounds each star?If a giant molecular cloud is 38 pc in diameter and a shock wave can sweep through it in 6 million years, how fast is the shock wave going in kilometers per second? (Notes: 1 pc = 3.1 1013 km; 1 yr = 3.2 107 s.) answer in km/sA supernova’s energy is often compared to the total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime. Using the Sun’s current luminosity, calculate the total solar energy output, assuming a 1010 year main-sequence lifetime. Using Einstein’s formula E=mc2 calculate the equivalent amount of mass, expressed in Earth masses. [Hint: The total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime is given by its current luminosity times the number of seconds in a year times its ten billion-year lifetime; ; mass of earth = 6×1024kg; c = 3×108m/s. Your answer should be 200-300 Earth masses.]
- If a giant molecular cloud has a diameter of 56 pc and drifts relative to nearby objects at 19 km/s, how long (in yr) does it take to travel a distance equal to its own diameter?If a contracting protostar is five times the radius of the sun and has a temperature of only 2000 K, how luminous will it be?