Hermann Ebbinghaus (1850–1909) pioneered the study of memory. A 2011 article in the Journal of Mathematical Psychology presents the mathematical model R(t) = a + b(1 + ct)−? for the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve, where R(t) is the fraction of memory retained t days after learning a task; a, b, and c are experimentally determined constants between 0 and

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