The image contains a multiple-choice question related to hypothesis testing in a statistical context.**Question Part (b):** The question asks if the ramp meters are effective in maintaining a higher speed on the freeway, using a significance level of α = 0.05. It requests the selection of the correct null and alternative hypotheses.**Hypothesis Options:**- **A.** Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} \neq \mu_{\text{off}}\) Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} > \mu_{\text{off}}\)- **B.** Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} = \mu_{\text{off}}\) Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} > \mu_{\text{off}}\)- **C.** Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} = \mu_{\text{off}}\) Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} \neq \mu_{\text{off}}\)- **D.** Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} < \mu_{\text{off}}\) Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): \(\mu_{\text{on}} > \mu_{\text{off}}\)The user is required to determine the P-value for the test and insert it in the provided space, rounding to three decimal places as needed.**Choice of Conclusion:**- **A.** Do not reject \(H_0\). There is sufficient evidence at the α = 0.05 level of significance that the ramp meters are effective in maintaining higher speed on the freeway.- **B.** Reject \(H_0\). There is sufficient evidence at the α = 0.05 level of significance that the ramp meters are effective in maintaining higher speed on the freeway.- **C.** Do not reject \(H_0\). There is not sufficient evidence at the α = 0.05 level of significance that the ramp meters are effective in maintaining higher speed on the freeway.- **D.** Reject \(H_0\). Ramp metering is a traffic engineering strategy that requires vehicles entering a freeway to stop for a certain period to regulate traffic flow. The theory suggests that ramp metering reduces congestion by controlling the number of cars on the freeway, leading to faster travel times. To test its effectiveness, an experiment was conducted where a section of freeway had ramp meters installed on the on-ramps. The response variable was the speed of the vehicles. A random sample of 15 cars on a Monday at 6 p.m. with and without ramp meters was compared.### Diagrams and Graphs#### Box PlotsThree sets of side-by-side box plots are depicted, labeled A, B, and C. Each box plot compares "Meters On" and "Meters Off" vehicle speeds:- **A**: The box plot shows a comparison of speeds with "On" and "Off," ranging approximately from 15 to 60 MPH.- **B**: The box plot depicts a similar range and distribution as A.- **C**: The box plot shows distributions with visible differences in median speeds.#### Analysis Questions1. **Does there appear to be a difference in the speeds?** - **A.** Yes, the Meters On data appear to have higher speeds. - **B.** No, the box plots do not show any difference in speeds. - **C.** Yes, the Meters Off data appear to have higher speeds. **(Correct Answer: C)**2. **Are there any outliers?** - **A.** Yes, there appears to be a high outlier in the Meters Off data. - **B.** Yes, there appears to be a low outlier in the Meters On data. - **C.** Yes, there appears to be a high outlier in the Meters On data. - **D.** No, there does not appear to be any outliers. **(No correct answer specified)**#### Speed Data Table (in MPH)The table lists the speeds of cars with ramp meters on and off for comparison:- **Ramp Meters On**: 48, 45, 50, 51, 48, 44, 45, 49, 45, 46, 50, 51, 45, 43, 40- **Ramp Meters Off**: 28, 35

There are two independent samples which are Ramp Meters On and Ramp Meters Off.We have to test…

Ramp metering is a traffic engineering idea that requires cars entering a freeway to stop for a certain period of time before joining the traffic flow. The theory is that ramp metering controls the number of cars on the freeway and the number of cars accessing the freeway, resulting in a freer flow of cars, which ultimately results in faster travel times. To test whether ramp metering is effective in reducing travel times, engineers conducted an experiment in which a section of freeway had ramp meters installed on the on-ramps. The response variable for the study was speed of the vehicles. A random sample of 15 cars on the highway for a Monday at 6 pm with the ramp meters on and a second random sample of 15 cars on a different Monday at 6 p m. with the meters off resulted in the following speeds (in miles per hour) (aj Uraw side-by-side Duxplois of each data set. Does there appear to be a querence in the speeus/ Are were any ouuers Choose the correct oux piot Delow. О A. On- Off 15 30 MPH 45 60 Q Are there any outliers? G Does there appear to be a difference in the speeds? OA. Yes, the Meters On data appear to have higher speeds. OB. No, the box plots do not show any difference in speeds. OC. Yes, the Meters Off data appear to have higher speeds OA Yes, there appears to be a high outlier in the Meters Off data. OB. Yes, there appears to be a low outlier in the Meters On data. C. Yes, there appears to be a high outlier in the Meters On data On Nn thore dnas not annoar in ho anu nudliare O B. Off- On-T 15 30 45 MPH CIT 60 Q Speed data (in MPH) Ramp Meters On 28 48 55 38 30 24 44 45 51 34 56 43 26 41 48 OC. 30 38 Off- On- 15 Ramp Meters Off 23 26 41 36 35 30 19 47 37 22 41 50 41 30 45 MPH 60 Full Data Set O Q - Х

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P