Freshwater fish (from fish farms) has been touted as a good replacement for sea fish as pollutants from factories and sewage plants have deposited chemicals that have severely contaminated sea fish. Now fish from some seas are not safe to eat. Nevertheless, it is discovered that farm fish are not so healthy after all and have high mortality rates. Therefore, the farmers use antibiotics to keep them alive. These antibiotics can have dangerous consequences on unsuspecting humans. Suppose that if farm fish is randomly and regularly tested and it is found that 25% is okay for consumption, 35% have dangerous traces of antibiotics and 40% have deadly untreated diseases. What is the probability of a random sample of 10 such fish was found to have 3 okay, 3 with antibiotics and 4 with the deadly untreated disease?

Freshwater fish (from fish farms) has been touted as a good replacement for sea fish as pollutants from factories and sewage plants have deposited chemicals that have severely contaminated sea fish. Now fish from some seas are not safe to eat. Nevertheless, it is discovered that farm fish are not so healthy after all and have high mortality rates. Therefore, the farmers use antibiotics to keep them alive. These antibiotics can have dangerous consequences on unsuspecting humans. Suppose that if farm fish is randomly and regularly tested and it is found that 25% is okay for consumption, 35% have dangerous traces of antibiotics and 40% have deadly untreated diseases. What is the probability of a random sample of 10 such fish was found to have 3 okay, 3 with antibiotics and 4 with the deadly untreated disease?

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

What are the three leading causes of death among older adults in the United States? What steps can we take to prevent each of these causes of mortality?
A clinical trial is being conducted in order to determine the efficacy of a new drug used to treat Rheumatoid arthritis. The efficacy of the medication will not only be determined by the physical improvement of symptoms but also by using a blood test to examine the concentration C-reactive protein (an inflammatory marker) in an individual’s blood. If the researcher wants a margin of error for the level of C-reactive protein to be less than or equal to 3.0 mg/dL, and if the standard deviation for C-reactive protein concentrations among arthritis patients was previously documented at 8 mg/dL, how many patients should be recruited for each group in the study assuming a 95% confidence interval will be used to quantify the mean differences between the control group and the treatment group? Group of answer choices: a. n for the treatment group = 112; n for the control group = 111 b. n for the treatment group = 56; n for the control group = 57 c. n for the treatment group =…
People continue to convert forests into farmland with deleterious ecological and climatic impacts. Some countries have shifted from net deforestation to net reforestation. One of the arms of this study intents to show that returning farmland to a more diverse and natural environment can greatly increase soil carbon, and in consequence pump carbon out to the atmosphere. In order to test this hypothesis, 17 plots of 1 hectare were selected throughout New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania Farmers owning the land received compensation for the loss of income when income was lost. The 17 plots were randomized into the control group, Y1 (farmer continue normal farming methods) or a polyculture of maple, birch, spruce, oak, and beech was planted, Y2. After 10 years of culture, the amount of soil carbon was measured as 91= 6.01 Mg/ha s1= .93 n1=9 and 92=.75MG/ha s2=1.24 n2=8. Shapiro Wilks test for Y1 pvalue = 0.12 and Y2 pvalue = 0.07. Given that data, does afforestation (planting of forest…
This is a hypothetical question: You run an RCT and there is imperfect compliance. In general, if you compare the people who actually received treatment to people who didn’t, will you recover the causal effect of treatment? Explain. Is there a situation where if you make this comparison that you would recover the causal effect? Is so, what is it? If not, why not? Thank you very much!
For years, the drug Vioxx, developed andmarketed by Merck, was one of the blockbusterdrugs on the market. One of a number ofso-called Cox-2 anti-inflammatory drugs, Vioxxwas considered by many people a miracle drug foralleviating the pain from arthritis and other painfulafflictions. Vioxx was marketed heavily on television,prescribed by most physicians, and used by anestimated two million Americans.All of that changed in October 2004, when theresults of a large study were released. The study,which followed approximately 2600 subjects overa period of about 18 months, concluded that Vioxxuse over a long period of time caused a significantincrease in the risk of developing serious heartproblems. Merck almost immediately pulled Vioxxfrom the American market and doctors stoppedprescribing it. On the basis of the study, Merck facednot only public embarrassment but the prospect ofhuge financial losses.More specifically, the study had 1287 patientsuse Vioxx for an 18-month period, and it…
Researchers have noted a decline in cognitive functioning as people age (Bartus, 1990). However, the results from other research suggest that the antioxidant in foods such as blueberries can reduce and even reverse those age-related declines, at least in laboratory rats (Joseph,et al.,1999). Based on these results, one might theorize that the same antioxidants might benefit elderly humans. Suppose a researcher is interested in testing this theory. The researcher obtains a sample of n = 16 adults who are older than 65, and gives and gives each participant a daily dose of blueberry supplement that is very high in antioxidants. After taking the supplement for 6 months, the participants are given a standardized cognitive skills test and produce a mean score of M = 50.2. For the general population of elderly adults scores on the test average μ =45 and form a normal distribution with a σ = 9. Can the researchers conclude that the supplement significantly increases cognitive skills? Use a…
A physiologist believes he has discovered a new steroid hormone that can affect the blood glucose in reptiles. In an experiment he injects turtles with a small amount of this steroid hormone and, after a suitable waiting period measures the blood glucose level of the turtles. In his sixteen experimental turtles he obtains the following levels of blood glucose {2, 1, 3, 5, 2, 1, 1, 5, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5}. From previous studies of thousandsof normal, un-manipulated turtles he knows that the mean (μ) blood glucose level in this species of turtle (his laboratory population) is 3. Evaluate the hypothesis that this new steroid hormone affects blood glucose levels. Use an α-level of 0.01 for this analysis. A) What is the appropriate test? B) State the null hypothesis: C) State the alternative hypothesis: D) Find the critical value: E) Calculate the obtained statistic: F) Make a decision: G) What does your decision mean? Please explain how you got the answers Thank you
A clinical trial is being conducted in order to determine the efficacy of a new drug that will be used to treat Crohn’s disease. The efficacy of the medication will not only be determined by the physical improvement of symptoms but will also be determined by using a blood test to examine the concentration of C-reactive protein (an inflammatory marker) in an individual’s blood. If the researcher wants the margin of error for the level of C-reactive protein to be less than or equal to 2.9 mg/dL and the standard deviation for C-reactive protein concentrations among Crohn’s disease patients was previously documented at 10.1 mg/dL, how many patients should be recruited for each group of individuals in the study, assuming a 95% confidence interval will be used to quantify the mean differences between the control group and the treatment group? n for the treatment group = 12 and n for the control group = 12 n for the treatment group = 14 and n for the control group = 14 n for the treatment…
A clinical trial is being conducted in order to determine the efficacy of a new drug that will be used to treat Crohn’s disease. The efficacy of the medication will not only be determined by the physical improvement of symptoms but will also be determined by using a blood test to examine the concentration C-reactive protein (an inflammatory marker) in an individual’s blood. If the researcher wants a margin of error for the level of C-reactive protein to be less than or equal to 2.9 mg/dL and the standard deviation for C-reactive protein concentrations among Crohn’s disease patients was previously documented at 10.1 mg/dL, how many patients should be recruited for each group of individuals in the study, assuming a 95% confidence interval will be used to quantify the mean differences between the control group and the treatment group?
Tonya , a research director, is conducting an experiment to determine the effectiveness of treatment for peach trees against blight. She randomly divides one grove's trees into three groups. One group is the control with no treatment for blight. She prunes the second group to remove the limbs showing blight after the spring rains. She prunes the third group as well and also sprays them with an antibiotic. Vanessa monitors the trees for five years after the start of the experiment. The table shows the outcomes, or the counts of how long the trees in each group lived. Treatment Outcomes None Pruning Antibiotic Totals 0 to 2 years 41 35 27 103 2 to 4 years 28 44 46 118 More than 4 years 13 22 51 86 Totals 82 101 124 307 Determine the probability that a randomly selected tree from this experiment lived two to four years or was treated with an antibiotic. Give your answer as a decimal, precise to three decimal places
A headline on a news website stated “Sheep with a varied diet grew faster and produced less pollutants, new study finds.” The article reports that scientists using pregnant sheep that were twin-bearing to test how diet affected the lambs. When the twin lambs were born, one lamb was put on a typical rye grass diet, while the other was given a variety of feeds, including chicory, plantain, red clover and lucerne. The impact was huge, with the lambs given a variety of feeds seeing a 100 per cent increase in growth, excreted less nitrogen into the environment and had an improved well-being. The headline of the article mentioned above implies causation. Explain in one or two sentences if implying causation is appropriate based on the study described
A clinical trial is being conducted in order to determine the efficacy of a new drug that will be used to treat Crohn’s disease. The efficacy of the medication will not only be determined by the physical improvement of symptoms but will also be determined by using a blood test to examine the concentration C-reactive protein (an inflammatory marker) in an individual’s blood. If the researcher wants a margin of error for the level of C-reactive protein to be less than or equal to 2.9 mg/dL and the standard deviation for C-reactive protein concentrations among Crohn’s disease patients was previously documented at 10.1 mg/dL, how many patients should be recruited for each group of individuals in the study, assuming a 95% confidence interval will be used to quantify the mean differences between the control group and the treatment group? Group of answer choices nfor the treatment group = 12 and n for the control group = 12 nfor the treatment group = 14 and n for the control group = 14…