FIGURE 5.6 Evidence that adult female mammals contain one X chromosome that has been permanently inactivated. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS (photo): © Lutz Slomianka Starting material: Several small skin samples taken from a woman who was heterozygous for the fast and slow alleles of G-6-PD. Experimental level Conceptual level 1.Mince the tissue to separate the individual cells. 250 im Mince and grow. X chromosome Mince. with slow -Barr body allele active 2. Grow the cells in a liquid growth medium and then plate (sparsely) onto solid growth medium. Each cell divides to form a clone of many cells. Liquid growth medium with cells -X chromosome with fast allele active Solid medium Plate sparsely. with cells Individual cell Grow cells several days. Clone of cells 3. Take nine isolated clones and grow in liquid cultures. (Only three are shown sOsOsO 0S here.) Grow each | Many cell divisions Produces a clone of cells clone in a separate flask. 4. Take cells from the liquid cultures, lyse cells to obtain proteins, and subject to gel electrophoresis. (This technique is described in the Appendix.) Sample Control Origin Note: As a control, lyse cells from step 1, and subject the proteins to gel electrophoresis. The control is derived from several small skin samples from a heterozygous woman. Slow Fast From a clone with From clones with the fast allele active the slow allele active

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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describes the results of X-chromosome inactivation in
mammals. If fast and slow alleles of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) exist in other species, what would be the
expected results of gel electrophoresis for a heterozygous female
of each of the following species?
A. Marsupial
B. Drosophila melanogaster
C. Caenorhabditis elegans (Note: We are considering the hermaphrodite in C. elegans to be equivalent to a female.)

FIGURE 5.6 Evidence that adult female mammals contain one X chromosome that has
been permanently inactivated.
TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS
(photo): © Lutz Slomianka
Starting material: Several small skin samples taken from a woman who was heterozygous for the fast and slow alleles of G-6-PD.
Experimental level
Conceptual level
1.Mince the tissue to separate the
individual cells.
250 im
Mince and grow.
X chromosome
Mince.
with slow
-Barr body
allele active
2. Grow the cells in a liquid growth
medium and then plate (sparsely)
onto solid growth medium. Each cell
divides to form a clone of many cells.
Liquid
growth
medium
with cells
-X chromosome with
fast allele active
Solid medium
Plate sparsely.
with cells
Individual cell
Grow cells
several days.
Clone of cells

3. Take nine isolated clones and grow in
liquid cultures. (Only three are shown
sOsOsO 0S
here.)
Grow each
| Many cell divisions
Produces a clone of cells
clone in a
separate
flask.
4. Take cells from the liquid cultures, lyse
cells to obtain proteins, and subject to
gel electrophoresis. (This technique is
described in the Appendix.)
Sample
Control
Origin
Note: As a control, lyse cells from
step 1, and subject the proteins to gel
electrophoresis. The control is derived
from several small skin samples from a
heterozygous woman.
Slow
Fast
From a clone with From clones with
the fast allele active the slow allele active

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