**Explain why the following reaction sequence will not occur:**The image illustrates a proposed chemical reaction involving aniline (a benzene ring with an -NH₂ group) reacting under nitration conditions, with concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) as catalysts, supposedly forming p-nitroaniline.**Explanation:**1. **Aniline Reactivity:** - Aniline is a benzene ring substituted with an amino group (-NH₂), which is an electron-donating group. - Under typical nitration conditions, strong acids like H₂SO₄ can protonate the -NH₂ group, forming an anilinium ion (-NH₃⁺). - This transformation changes the electron-donating nature of the amino group to electron-withdrawing, significantly reducing the ring's activation for subsequent electrophilic substitution reactions, such as nitration.2. **Reaction with HNO₃ and H₂SO₄:** - The combination of HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ forms the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), a strong electrophile required for nitration. However, the deactivated benzene ring in anilinium (due to protonation) is less likely to undergo nitration. - Additionally, aniline can undergo side reactions under these strongly acidic conditions, potentially leading to polymerization or degradation rather than the intended introduction of a nitro group.Because of these factors, nitration of aniline in the described conditions is unlikely to proceed directly to form p-nitroaniline. Knowledge of reaction mechanisms and effects of substituents on aromatic rings is crucial in predicting the feasibility of such reaction sequences.

-NH2 is an electron donating group. Hence, it increases electron density more on ortho and para…

Answered: Explain why the following reaction…

Explain why the following reaction sequence will not occur:

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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