Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Explain the mechanism of trinucleotide repeat expansion.
Introduction: A trinucleotide repeat expansion is type of DNA mutation.
In which, the trinucleotide repeat disorders are a collection of inherited situations produced by increased numbers of specific trinucleotide called repetitive sequences, repeats in the genome.
Example of trinucleotide repeat expansion-Huntington's disease (HD) myotonic dystrophy, Fragile X syndrome.
During the process of DNA replication, slippage occurs in triplet expansion and can also occur during DNA repair.
Due to slippage, 'loop out' structures form in DNA replication while preserving complementary base pairing between the parent strand and daughter strand being synthesized.
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