Ethylene glycol 1HOCH2CH2OH2, the major substance inantifreeze, has a normal boiling point of 198 °C. Bycomparison, ethyl alcohol 1CH3CH2OH2 boils at 78 °Cat atmospheric pressure. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether1CH3OCH2CH2OCH32 has a normal boiling point of 83 °C,and ethyl methyl ether 1CH3CH2OCH32 has a normalboiling point of 11 °C. (a) Explain why replacement of ahydrogen on the oxygen by a CH3 group generally resultsin a lower boiling point. (b) What are the major factorsresponsible for the difference in boiling points of the twoethers?

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Ethylene glycol 1HOCH2CH2OH2, the major substance in
antifreeze, has a normal boiling point of 198 °C. By
comparison, ethyl alcohol 1CH3CH2OH2 boils at 78 °C
at atmospheric pressure. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
1CH3OCH2CH2OCH32 has a normal boiling point of 83 °C,and ethyl methyl ether 1CH3CH2OCH32 has a normal
boiling point of 11 °C. (a) Explain why replacement of a
hydrogen on the oxygen by a CH3 group generally results
in a lower boiling point. (b) What are the major factors
responsible for the difference in boiling points of the two
ethers?

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