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![Electron configurations for select second row elements
boron, [He]2s 2p
nitrogen, [He]2s 2p³
oxygen, [He]2s 2p
fluorine, [He]2s 2p](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F2531b623-c524-4801-a5db-4b770d79da48%2Fde90d2a1-9e65-4fce-ab32-14094bf29239%2Fzkkv73a_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- The gadolinium +3 ion (Gd3+) has advantageous magnetic properties for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) applications, specifically a high number of unpaired electrons. In fact, both neutral Gd and Gd3+ have a set of degenerate orbitals with seven unpaired electrons. a) Write the electron configuration for Gd and Gd3+ using the condensed noble gas notation. Identify which orbitals lose electrons to yield the +3 cation based on the above information. Explain your reasoning (2-3 sentences). b) Curium (Cm) is an actinide element named for Marie Curie. Cm is in the same group as Gd and also forms a +3 cation. Write the electron configuration for Cm and Cm3+. c) While +3 is the most common oxidation state for lanthanide elements, some can form +2 ions. Identify an isoelectronic ion to Gd3+ that has a +2 oxidation state and indicate which orbitals lose electrons to form that ion.Write ground-state electron configurations for the following ions: K+, Mg2+, O2-, I-, Al3+,Which of the following electronic configuration describes paramagnetic element? O 1s2 2s² 2p3 O 1s2 2s? 2p6 O 1s2 2s2 O 1s? 2s? 2pº 3s?
- Write the electron configurations for (a) Ca2+, (b) Co3+, and (c) S2-.Which of the following is the ground state electron configuration of a phosphorus atom? O [Ar]4s? O [Ne]3s²3p3 O [Ar]4s*3d1 O [Ne]3s? O [Ar]3d?In the chemical process called electron transfer, an electron istransferred from one atom or molecule to another. A simpleelectron transfer reaction isA(g) + A(g)---->A+(g) + A-(g) In terms of the ionization energy and electron affinity ofatom A, what is the energy change for this reaction? For arepresentative nonmetal such as chlorine, is this process exothermic?For a representative metal such as sodium, is thisprocess exothermic?
- Atom X is [Kr] 5s2 Atom Y is [Ar] 3d104s24p5. What is the likely formula of the compound between X and Y?Identify two ions that have the following ground-state electronconfigurations: (a) [Ar], (b) [Ar]3d5, (c) [Kr]5s24d10.Decide which of the following electron configurations is correct for the species given. Co+, [Ar]4s13d7 Ti+, [Ar]4s23d1 V, [Ar]4s23d3 Cr, [Ar]4s23d4 Ni3+, [Ar]3d7 Co3+, [Ar]3d6