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- Draw and explain the operation of two wire to four wire transformer hybrid. A 4-wire analogue telephone circuit is connected by hybrids to 2-wire circuits at each end. The attenuation measured between the 2-wire ports of the hybrid is 1 dB and the balance return loss in each hybrid is 6 dB. a) Determine the increase in gain required in the 4-wire circuit for singing to occur b) Find the attenuation of echoes heard by the talker and listener What propagation of the data bits transmitted in a primary rate (E1) or US (DS1) PCM multiplex system is used for:- a) Frame synchronization b) Signalling Differentiate between single stage and multistage switching networks. Discuss the blocking conditions of two stage network. A 2-stage switching network is to be used to connect 100 incoming trunks to 50 outgoing trunks, using switching matrices of size 10 x 10 crosspoints. The links between the switching stages are required to carry a peak traffic of 50 Erlangs. Draw a block diagram of the switch. What type of switch it? (hint: two or more switches may be concatenated to increase the number of crosspoints in matrix) A switching network is required to connect 64 incoming trunks, with 64 links at each stage. Find the minimum number of crosspoints needed for a 2 or 3 stage switch. Sketch a fully interconnected, three stage network for the same number of incoming and outgoing trunks, using 3 x 4 switches in primary stage and 4 x 4 switches in the tertiary stage. How many crosspoints are required?

- Draw and explain the operation of two wire to four wire transformer hybrid. A 4-wire analogue telephone circuit is connected by hybrids to 2-wire circuits at each end. The attenuation measured between the 2-wire ports of the hybrid is 1 dB and the balance return loss in each hybrid is 6 dB. a) Determine the increase in gain required in the 4-wire circuit for singing to occur b) Find the attenuation of echoes heard by the talker and listener What propagation of the data bits transmitted in a primary rate (E1) or US (DS1) PCM multiplex system is used for:- a) Frame synchronization b) Signalling Differentiate between single stage and multistage switching networks. Discuss the blocking conditions of two stage network. A 2-stage switching network is to be used to connect 100 incoming trunks to 50 outgoing trunks, using switching matrices of size 10 x 10 crosspoints. The links between the switching stages are required to carry a peak traffic of 50 Erlangs. Draw a block diagram of the switch. What type of switch it? (hint: two or more switches may be concatenated to increase the number of crosspoints in matrix) A switching network is required to connect 64 incoming trunks, with 64 links at each stage. Find the minimum number of crosspoints needed for a 2 or 3 stage switch. Sketch a fully interconnected, three stage network for the same number of incoming and outgoing trunks, using 3 x 4 switches in primary stage and 4 x 4 switches in the tertiary stage. How many crosspoints are required?

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P: Visit your local library (at school or home) and describe the extent to which it provides literature...
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- Draw and explain the operation of two wire to four wire transformer hybrid. A 4-wire analogue telephone circuit is connected by hybrids to 2-wire circuits at each end. The attenuation measured between the 2-wire ports of the hybrid is 1 dB and the balance return loss in each hybrid is 6 dB. a) Determine the increase in gain required in the 4-wire circuit for singing to occur b) Find the attenuation of echoes heard by the talker and listener What propagation of the data bits transmitted in a primary rate (E1) or US (DS1) PCM multiplex system is used for:- a) Frame synchronization b) Signalling Differentiate between single stage and multistage switching networks. Discuss the blocking conditions of two stage network. A 2-stage switching network is to be used to connect 100 incoming trunks to 50 outgoing trunks, using switching matrices of size 10 x 10 crosspoints. The links between the switching stages are required to carry a peak traffic of 50 Erlangs. Draw a block diagram of the switch. What type of switch it? (hint: two or more switches may be concatenated to increase the number of crosspoints in matrix) A switching network is required to connect 64 incoming trunks, with 64 links at each stage. Find the minimum number of crosspoints needed for a 2 or 3 stage switch. Sketch a fully interconnected, three stage network for the same number of incoming and outgoing trunks, using 3 x 4 switches in primary stage and 4 x 4 switches in the tertiary stage. How many crosspoints are required?
Transcribed Image Text:- Draw and explain the operation of two wire to four wire transformer hybrid. A 4-wire analogue telephone circuit is connected by hybrids to 2-wire circuits at each end. The attenuation measured between the 2-wire ports of the hybrid is 1 dB and the balance return loss in each hybrid is 6 dB. a) Determine the increase in gain required in the 4-wire circuit for singing to occur b) Find the attenuation of echoes heard by the talker and listener What propagation of the data bits transmitted in a primary rate (E1) or US (DS1) PCM multiplex system is used for:- a) Frame synchronization b) Signalling Differentiate between single stage and multistage switching networks. Discuss the blocking conditions of two stage network. A 2-stage switching network is to be used to connect 100 incoming trunks to 50 outgoing trunks, using switching matrices of size 10 x 10 crosspoints. The links between the switching stages are required to carry a peak traffic of 50 Erlangs. Draw a block diagram of the switch. What type of switch it? (hint: two or more switches may be concatenated to increase the number of crosspoints in matrix) A switching network is required to connect 64 incoming trunks, with 64 links at each stage. Find the minimum number of crosspoints needed for a 2 or 3 stage switch. Sketch a fully interconnected, three stage network for the same number of incoming and outgoing trunks, using 3 x 4 switches in primary stage and 4 x 4 switches in the tertiary stage. How many crosspoints are required?
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