Dr. Farah is an educational psychologist who is interested in studying the potential causal relationship between doing homework and academic achievement. In January, Dr. Farah has her students report their fall GPA (a measure of academic achievement) and estimate how many hours they spent doing homework during a typical week in the fall semester. In May, Dr. Farah measures the same variables again (the estimated number of hours spent doing homework during a typical week in the spring semester and their spring GPA). She finds the following correlations. Imagine that Dr. Farah noted a cyclical, reinforcing relationship between homework and academic achievement. For this to be case, which of the following correlations would need to be significant? a. Correlations 1 and 6 b. Correlations 2 and 5 c. Correlations 3 and 4 d. Correlations 2 and 3 Answer is C for this question. Why this one is the answer and others are not?

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Dr. Farah is an educational psychologist who is interested in studying the potential causal relationship between doing homework and academic achievement. In January, Dr. Farah has her students report their fall GPA (a measure of academic achievement) and estimate how many hours they spent doing homework during a typical week in the fall semester. In May, Dr. Farah measures the same variables again (the estimated number of hours spent doing homework during a typical week in the spring semester and their spring GPA). She finds the following correlations.

Imagine that Dr. Farah noted a cyclical, reinforcing relationship between homework and academic achievement. For this to be case, which of the following correlations would need to be significant?

a. Correlations 1 and 6

b. Correlations 2 and 5

c. Correlations 3 and 4

d. Correlations 2 and 3

Answer is C for this question. Why this one is the answer and others are not? 

Correlation
Variable A
Variable B
Coefficient
Correlation 1
Fall number of hours of homework
Fall semester GPA
.83*
Correlation 2
Fall number of hours of homework
Spring number of hours of home-
.36*
work
Correlation 3
Fall number of hours of homework
Spring semester GPA
.69*
Correlation 4
Fall semester GPA
Spring number of hours of home-
.18
work
Correlation 5
Fall semester GPA
Spring semester GPA
.45*
Correlation 6
Spring number of hours of homework
Spring semester GPA
.80*
*Indicates a statistically significant relationship.
Transcribed Image Text:Correlation Variable A Variable B Coefficient Correlation 1 Fall number of hours of homework Fall semester GPA .83* Correlation 2 Fall number of hours of homework Spring number of hours of home- .36* work Correlation 3 Fall number of hours of homework Spring semester GPA .69* Correlation 4 Fall semester GPA Spring number of hours of home- .18 work Correlation 5 Fall semester GPA Spring semester GPA .45* Correlation 6 Spring number of hours of homework Spring semester GPA .80* *Indicates a statistically significant relationship.
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