DNA is a double- stranded nucleic acid. A nucleosome consists of DNA wound around histone O In the beads- on-a-string DNA structure, nucleosomes are the beads, and adjoining lengths of DNA are the strings. proteins. The beads- on-a-string structures coil around each other to form a chromatin fiber. 6 The chromatin fiber folds and loops, further compacting itself. The loops coil and coil until a chromosome is formed.
Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
Q1: What are the structures that result from the first level of coiling around proteins called? Q2: What makes up a “bead” and what makes up the “string” in the beads-on-a-string structure of DNA? Q3: What is the name for the structure that is more compact than the beads-on-a-string structure but less compact than an actual chromosome?
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