DNA Fingerprinting Experiment Daughter Mother Possible Fathers Horse Horse 1 2 3 4 The second and third bands down in the mother horse are not present in the daughter horse. What would be the most likely reason? The daughter horse suffered from a serious mutation that eliminated them from her genome. The bands were too small to be seen in the daughter horse. The daughter horse did not inherit the chromosome from the mother horse that those bands came from. The daughter horse inherited them from the father horse.

During proofreading, which of the following enzymes reads the DNA? primase topoisomerase DNA pol helicase

Figure 9.10 You isolate a cell strain in which the joining together of Okazaki fragments is impaired and suspect that a mutation has occurred in an enzyme found at the replication fork. Which enzyme is most likely to be mutated?

Which of the following terms means many genes? polymorphism polygeny polypeptide multiple alleles

Figure 17.7 You are working in a molecular biology lab and, unbeknownst to you, your lab partner left the foreign genomic DNA that you are planning to clone on the lab bench overnight instead of storing it in the freezer. As a result, it was degraded by nucleases, but still used in the experiment. The plasmid, on the other hand, is fine. What results would you expect from your molecular cloning experiment? There will be no colonies on the bacterial plate. There will be blue colonies only. There will be blue and white colonies. The will be white colonies only.

Variations in Phenotype Expression A genetic disorder characterized by falling asleep in genetics lectures is known to be 20% penetrant. All 90 students in a genetics class are homozygous for this gene. Theoretically, how many of the 90 students will fall asleep during the next lecture?

Provide a brief summary of the Sanger sequencing method.

Genetically Modified Foods The creation of transgenic crop plants using recombinant DNA methods involves the transfer of just one gene or a small number of genes to the plants, in contrast to classical breeding methods in which hundreds or even thousands of genes are transferred at once. Explain why this is true. If fewer genes are transferred during the creation of transgenic crops, why are some people afraid that they are dangerous?

Genetics in Practice case studies are critical-thinking exercises that allow you to apply your new knowledge of human genetics to real-life problems. Case study Michelle was a 42-year-old woman who had declined counselling and amniocentesis at 16 weeks of pregnancy but was referred for genetic counseling after an abnormal ultrasound at 20 weeks of gestation. After the ultrasound, a number of findings suggested a possible chromosome abnormality in the fetus. The ultrasound showed swelling under the skin at the back of the fetuss neck; shortness of the femur, humerus, and ear length; and underdevelopment of the middle section of the fifth finger. Michelles physician performed an amniocentesis and referred her to the genetics program. Michelle and her husband did not want genetic counseling before receiving the results of the cytogenetic analysis. This was Michelles third pregnancy; she and her husband, Mike, had a 6-year-old daughter and a 3-year-old son. At their next session, the counselor informed the couple that the results revealed trisomy 21, explored their understanding of Down syndrome, and elicited their experiences with people with disabilities. She also reviewed the clinical concerns revealed by the ultrasound and associated anomalies (mild to severe intellectual disability, cardiac defects, and kidney problems). The options available to the couple were outlined. They were provided with a booklet written for parents making choices after the prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome. After a week of careful deliberation with their family, friends, and clergy, they elected to terminate the pregnancy. Do you think that this couple had the right to terminate the pregnancy in light of the prenatal diagnosis? If not, under what circumstance would a couple have this right? What other options were available to the couple?

Similarities in ________ are the basis of similarities in traits. a. karyotype b. DNA sequence c. the double helix d. chromosome number