Discuss the importance of linkage disequilibrium (LD) toassociation mapping of QTLs in humans.

Q: The period gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes for a stretch of Thr-Gly repeated in tandem. In…

A: In this question, it is given that the allele with 20 Thr-Gly repeats produces an amplicon of size…

Q: Give at least two common loading control used in Western Blotting?

A: Western blotting is a laboratory technique that is used to detect a specific protein in a a…

Q: What is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and how does it work?

A: Transcranial magnetic stimulation, abbreviated as TMS or rTMS is a non-invasive procedure, i.e., it…

Q: Name the common and rare alleles found in the human population of the TAS2R38 gene

A:

Q: Analyzing polymorphism and divergence data for a gene, you calculate the following McDonald-Kreitman…

A: The McDonald-Kreitman test is a powerful tool used to detect the presence of natural selection in a…

Q: You are interested in amplifying the putative gene encoding the 480-bp protein TMR (Total Memory…

A: We are given with the gene that is needed to be amplified by PCR. The image shows a region of DNA…

Q: Why do geneticists studying eukaryotic organisms often construct cDNA libraries, whereas…

A: A cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid) library is a combination of cloned cDNA fragments…

Q: Price et al. (1999. J. Bacteriol. 181: 2358–2362) conducted a genetic study of the toxin transport…

A: Missense mutation- When one or more amino acids are replaced by the other amino acid.

Q: A new technique for rapidly determining the nuclesome structure for regions of chromatin is called…

A: In the field of molecular biology, understanding the mechanisms underlying gene expression…

Q: A SNP that can exist as a C or G is associated with a human disease. The genotypic odds ratio of the…

A: Odds ratio is used to find the compararive analysis of prevalence of disease in two gentoypes.

Q: central dogma

A:

Q: What primers set should we use for Sequencing on Hemaglutinin and Neuraminidase of H5N1?

A: Influenza is a viral infection that affects mainly the respiratory systems. Influenza A virus…

Q: Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion  what is different about a) the number of…

A: Variant sites refer to positions in the genome where there is a difference in nucleotide sequence…

Q: Answer the following MCQs: 1:This database is most likely to have data about gene expression.

A: A database in biology provides information about genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome,…

Q: Explain how the technique of replica plating supports the randommutation theory but conflicts with…

A: Mutation is defined as a change or alteration in the nucleotide sequence which in turn alters the…

Q: Which set of fragment ions is likely from the same population of precursors ions (parent peptide)…

A: ANS:- None of the described choices are likely.

Q: 18- Protein sequences can be more informative than DNA sequences. Which of the following is NOT one…

A: DNA sequences and protein sequences are both important sources of information for understanding the…

Q: Researchers have now narrowed down the region they willikely want to sequence. This region is…

A: Paget disease of bone is a localised, monostotic or polyostotic, progressive metabolic bone…

Q: Explain the Comparison of the regions of human NF1 protein and S. cerevisiae Ira protein that shows…

A: Huge amounts of sequences of DNA have already been determined. The pace at which fresh sequences are…

Q: Based on the NCBI Blastp and reciprocal analysis, are there any mutations to suggest that mus…

A: In thе contеxt of tеsting thе human FGFR3 gеnе in Mus musculus, NCBI Blastp and rеciprocal analysis…

Q: design an experiment to use these DNA sequences to distinguish between these two hypotheses.

A: Ans) Before designing this experiment we need to know the hypothesis given by Mendel who had done…

Q: Explain how DNA probes with different fluorescence emissionwavelengths can be used in a single FISH…

A: The FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) experiment uses a probe that is fluorescently labeled…

Q: Klunk et al. (2022) recently completed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using ancient DNA to…

A: The study found that the frequency of the C allele at SNP rs2549794 was significantly higher in…

Q: Price et al. [(1999). J. Bacteriol. 181:2358–2362] conducteda genetic study of the toxin transport…

A: There are basically two main types of gene transfer - Vertical gene transfer and Horizontal gene…

Q: Price et al. [(1999). J. Bacteriol. 181:2358–2362] conducteda genetic study of the toxin transport…

A: Genes are the functional units of DNA and express a functional protein. They are made up of…

Q: why is gap opening penalized more than gap extension in doing alignment of sequence similarity?

A: Gap penalties should be use in sequence alignment to obtain the best outcome between the two…

Q: High throughput whole genome sequencing, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq have all been made possible by the…

A: Genetic technologies have achieved great advancements in the recent years. One amongst many of those…

Q: With the many high throughput experiments that are used in biomedical research, how are some ways to…

A: High-throughput screening (HTS) is a method for scientific experimentation especially used in…

Q: ee modes of dosage compensation exist in nature. riefly, describe the three different strategies.…

A: Males and females of several species have different sex chromosomes and in order to  equalise their…

Q: Explain how Northern and Western blotting are used to detect specific RNAs and proteins,…

A: Nucleic acid is serving as primary information carrying molecule in cells. There are two types of…

Q: Describe the Egly precueing experiment. What is the same-object advantage,and how was it…

A: Introduction An experiment is a technique used to prove or disprove a theory, or to test the…

Q: Should the exposome field focus exclusively on measuring chemicals derived from exogebeous sources…

A: The term "exposome" describes all of an individual's lifetime environmental exposures, including…

Q: The SCAM data for positions V51C and Y96C are different to the other datasets. Describe how the data…

A: Western blot :It is a method for locating and identifying particular proteins in a sample of tissue…

Q: Check all the statements that are TRUE regarding 16S or ITS (microbiome) illumina (NGS) sequencing…

A: The Illumina sequencing chemistry is extremely precise, with the great majority of bases scoring Q30…

Q: DNA from a strain of Bacillus subtilis with the genotype trp" tyr* was used to transform a recipient…

A: Transformation is dependent on the competence of the cells i.e., whether a cell is competent enough…

Q: describe what is s autonomouslyreplicating sequences?

A: Yeast is eukaryotic, single-celled microorganism classified as members of the fungus kingdom. The…

Q: Discuss how Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can be used to identify genetic risk loci for (a)…

A: GWAS helps in screening the genome across the databases to find the desirable results without having…

Q: Briefly explain why CpG islands might have come to be underrepresented in eukaryotic genomes.

A: CpG islands are the sites of methylation on DNA. Methylation of DNA occurs to silence some genes of…

Q: Briefly describe paramutation at the Kit locus in mice. What evidence suggests that small RNA…

A: Allele is any one of two or more genes that may occur alternatively at a given site (locus) on a…

Q: strate about the Map and sequence the genomes of several model organisms used in experimental…

A: In genetics, molecular biology, and in various research genome mapping is important. It is basically…

Q: Refer to the figure. What method would you use if you wanted to determine the sequence of the cDNA…

A: cDNA is complementary DNA. This DNA is artificially synthesized from the mRNA template. In genetic…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.