Diagnostic tests of medical conditions can have several types of results. The test result can be positive or negative, whether or not a patient has the condition. A positive test (+) indicates that the patient has the condition. A negative test (−) indicates that the patient does not have the condition. Remember, a positive test does not prove the patient has the condition. Additional medical work may be required. Consider a random sample of 200 patients, some of whom have a medical condition and some of whom do not. Results of a new diagnostic test for the condition are shown. Condition PresentCondition AbsentRow TotalTest Result +10822130Test Result −205070Column Total12872200Assume the sample is representative of the entire population. For a person selected at random, compute the following probabilities. (Enter your answers as fractions.)(a) P(+ | condition present); this is known as the sensitivity of a test.(b) P(− | condition present); this is known as the false-negative rate.(c) P(− | condition absent); this is known as the specificity of a test.(d) P(+ | condition absent); this is known as the false-positive rate.(e) P(condition present and +); this is the predictive value of the test.(f) P(condition present and −).

Answered: Diagnostic tests of medical conditions…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Diagnostic tests of medical conditions can have several types of results. The test result can be positive or negative, whether or not a patient has the condition. A positive test (+) indicates that the patient has the condition. A negative test (−) indicates that the patient does not have the condition. Remember, a positive test does not prove the patient has the condition. Additional medical work may be required. Consider a random sample of 200 patients, some of whom have a medical condition and some of whom do not. Results of a new diagnostic test for the condition are shown.

	Condition Present	Condition Absent	Row Total
Test Result +	108	22	130
Test Result −	20	50	70
Column Total	128	72	200

Assume the sample is representative of the entire population. For a person selected at random, compute the following probabilities. (Enter your answers as fractions.)

(a) P(+ | condition present); this is known as the sensitivity of a test.

(b) P(− | condition present); this is known as the false-negative rate.

(c) P(− | condition absent); this is known as the specificity of a test.

(d) P(+ | condition absent); this is known as the false-positive rate.

(e) P(condition present and +); this is the predictive value of the test.

(f) P(condition present and −).

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