Determine the probability of the following outcome if two individuals heterozygous for the a specific disease were to produce offspring with the assigned phenotype. (6 offspring, 5 normal and 1 with disease.) Father and Mother are both heterozygous for the disease
Determine the probability of the following outcome if two individuals heterozygous for the a specific disease were to produce offspring with the assigned
Father and Mother are both heterozygous for the disease
Inheritance is the process of transmitting the traits from parent to offspring. Traits of an organism are controlled by genes (small segment on DNA). A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present on a chromosome. It is the region that encodes the information for the synthesis of any RNA or protein molecule.
Every gene has at least two contrasting pairs known as an allele. Alleles controlling a trait can be dominant or recessive. A dominant allele is expressed in both homozygous (pair of alleles is identical on both the homologous chromosomes) and heterozygous (pair of alleles are contrasting on the two homologous chromosomes) conditions. A recessive allele can only express in the case of homozygous condition (as per Mendelian principles of inheritance).
In the given case, considering the disease follows the autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and the alleles controlling the trait be ‘A’ for dominant and ‘a’ for the recessive allele. The cross between two individuals heterozygous for the disease is shown below:
Two heterozygous individuals-
Aa X Aa
| A | a | |
| A | AA | Aa |
| a | Aa | aa |
Thus the probability of getting a disease is 1/4 and the probability of being normal is 3/4.
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