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Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study' randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was aske whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat. (a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child. Round your answer to three decimal places. Pi - P2 = (b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study' randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was aske whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat. (a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child. Round your answer to three decimal places. Pi - P2 = (b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
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Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study" randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was asked whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat, while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat. (a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child. Round your answer to three decimal places. Pi - P2 = (b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places.
Transcribed Image Text:Could owning a cat as a child be related to mental illness later in life? Toxoplasmosis is a disease transmitted primarily through contact with cat feces, and has recently been linked with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. Also, people infected with Toxoplasmosis tend to like cats more and are 2.5 times more likely to get in a car accident, due to delayed reaction times. The CDC estimates that about 22.5% of Americans are infected with Toxoplasmosis (most have no symptoms), and this prevalence can be as high as 95 % in other parts of the world. A study" randomly selected 262 people registered with the National Alliance for the Mentally III (NAMI), almost all of whom had schizophrenia, and for each person selected, chose two people from families without mental illness who were the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status as the person selected from NAMI. Each participant was asked whether or not they owned a cat as a child. The results showed that 136 of the 262 people in the mentally ill group had owned a cat, while 220 of the 522 people in the not mentally ill group had owned a cat. (a) For this study, calculate the relevant difference in proportions; proportion of cases (those with schizophrenia) who owned a cat as a child minus proportion of controls (no mental illness) who owned a cat as a child. Round your answer to three decimal places. Pi - P2 = (b) For testing the hypothesis that the proportion of cat owners is higher in the schizophrenic group than the control group, use technology to generate a randomization distribution and calculate the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places.
Round your answer to three decimal places. p-value = (c) Do you think this provides evidence that there is an association between owning a cat as a child and developing schizophrenia?? 1Torrey, E.F., Simmons, W., Yolken, R.H. (2015). "Is childhood cat ownership a risk factor for schizophrenia later in life?" Schizophrenia Research, June 2015, 165(1):1-2. 2Even if you owned a cat as a child, you probably do not have to worry. Schizophrenia has a strong genetic component, and most cat owners do not go on to develop schizophrenia. However, because of this study, you may want to think twice before letting children (or pregnant women) come into contact with cat feces. If you love cats but are worried by this study, cats always kept indoors are thought to be safe.
Transcribed Image Text:Round your answer to three decimal places. p-value = (c) Do you think this provides evidence that there is an association between owning a cat as a child and developing schizophrenia?? 1Torrey, E.F., Simmons, W., Yolken, R.H. (2015). "Is childhood cat ownership a risk factor for schizophrenia later in life?" Schizophrenia Research, June 2015, 165(1):1-2. 2Even if you owned a cat as a child, you probably do not have to worry. Schizophrenia has a strong genetic component, and most cat owners do not go on to develop schizophrenia. However, because of this study, you may want to think twice before letting children (or pregnant women) come into contact with cat feces. If you love cats but are worried by this study, cats always kept indoors are thought to be safe.
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