cite three instances that will prove that experimental research is more accurate, and reliable.
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cite three instances that will prove that experimental research is more accurate, and reliable.
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- We consider the problem of improving lithium car batteries. A research group is makıng great advances using a new type anode and they claim that the mean life is greater than 1600 recharge cycles. To support this claim, they create 36 new batteries and subject them to recharge cycles until they fail. The claim will be established if the sample mean lifetime is greater than 1640 cycles. Otherwise, the claim will not be established and further improvements are needed. Assume that the population standard deviation o = 192 cycles is known. (a) Find the probability of a Type I error. (b) Find the probability of a Type II error when u = 1680 cycles.The recommended daily dietary allowance for zinc among males older than age 50 years is 15 mg/day. An article reports the following summary data on intake for a sample of males age 65-74 years: n = 113, x = 12.4, and s = 6.63. Does this data indicate that average daily zinc intake in the population of all males age 65-74 falls below the recommended allowance? (Use a = 0.05.) State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho: H = 15 H: u > 15 O Ho: H = 15 H: u < 15 Ο H: μ15 H:us 15 Ο Η: μ- 15 H: u = 15 Calculate the test statistic and determine the P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to four decimal places.) z = p-value = State the conclusion in the problem context. O Reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that average daily zinc intake falls below 15 mg/day. O Do not reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that average daily zinc intake falls below 15 mg/day. O Do not reject the null hypothesis. There…A researcher is testing the effectiveness of an intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes and depression that focuses on increasing medication adherence compared with usual primary care. Patients randomized to the intervention group were more likely to achieve remission of depression compared with patients in the usual care group at 12 weeks (intervention 58.7% vs usual care 30.7%, p < .001). Based on this information and the information found in table 1, how would you interpret the study findings. Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Study Population Characteristic Sociodemographic Age, mean (SD) y African American, n (%) White, n (%) Hispanic, n (%) Other, n (%) Years with diabetes, mean (SD) MMSE score, mean (SD) Usual Care (n=88) 57.1 (9.6) 48 (54.5) 36 (40.9) 3 (3.4) 1 (1.1) 12.0 (11.8) 28.2 (2.3) Intervention (n=92) 57.8 (9.4) 54 (58.7) 29 (31.5) 4 (4.3) 5 (5.4) 10.5 (1.2) 28.2 (2:3) P value .63 .30 .02 ,99 4 TRA 1
- 2. A study was conducted to examine the difference between the older and younger adult teachers on perceived life satisfaction. A pilot study was conducted to examine this hypothesis. Ten older adults (over the age of 50) and ten younger adults (between 20 and 40) were given a life satisfaction test (known to have high reliability and validity). Scores on the measure range from 0 to 60 with high scores indicative of high life satisfaction, low scores indicative of low life satisfaction. Result of the analysis is presented below. Older Adults Younger Adults Мean 44.5 28.1 Variance 75.38888889 72.98888889 Observations Hypothesized Mean Difference 10 10 df 18 x Stat P(X<=x) one-tail Critical one-tail P(X<=x) two-tail 4.257546666 0.000236832 1.734063607 0.000473663 x Critical two-tail 2.10092204 5. Is there a significant difference between the two groups? 6. Make a writeup of the result using APA formatHere is the scenario for your Between Subjects Independent One Way ANOVA: Dr. Xena is interested in determine which type of therapy best helps persons with bipolar depression. She gathers a random and representative sample of men and women ages 18-95 years of age who have a diagnosis of Bipolar Depression who are taking Lithium for at least 6 months. She randomly assigns participants to conditions and measures well being scores after 4 months of therapy. Well being scores range from 0-100, with 100 being high well-being (feel good and experiencing no mood swings). Here is the data: Cognitive Therapy EMDR Therapy Psychoanalytical Therapy 15 72 28 78 91…It has been hypothesized that allergies result from a lack of early childhood exposure to antigens. If this hypothesis were true, then we would expect allergies to be more common in very hygienic households with low levels of bacteria and other infectious agents. To test this theory, researchers at the University of Colorado sampled the houses of 61 children 9-24 months old and recorded two variables: (1) whether the child tested positive for allergies and (2) the concentration of bacterial endotoxin in the house dust (endotoxin units per ml, EU/ml)1. The following are the endotoxin levels at the homes of the 51 children tested negative for allergies. 708.23 911.60 976.81 1316.63 262.74 9772.08 370.76 229.16 2570.51891.19 3163.20 1777.65 1288.57 436.23 2631.63 1173.52 911.67 7942.42 740.32 356.92 1175.48 1480.55 2754.61 575.62 573.89 468.26 1000.71 364.22 1025.26 1022.04 645.41 363.57 977.47 1022.75 1860.63 371.13 174.73 399.68 1479.77 2882.96…
- A researcher is studying a new treatment protocol to combat a certain disease. The interest is in comparing the performance of the new treatment with the standard treatment method. In a survey on the subject, a first group of 250 patients received standard treatment, while a second group of 185 patients received the new treatment. Among subjects treated with the standard method, 88 were not recovered, while 39 were not recovered among those treated with the new protocol. Statistical analysis should be done to evaluate and compare treatment options. Perform an appropriate statistical hypothesis test to see whether the rate of people with disease persistence (ie, the non-recovery rate) was lower among those who received the new treatment. The hypothesis test must use a significance level of α=0.09 a. What is the value of the test statistic? b. What range of values is the p-value in? c. At the 9% significance level, can the null hypothesis be rejected?An experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the type of snack and children's perception of satiation was designed so that subjects aged 10 to 13 years were randomly assigned a snack that was of the exact same ingredients but described differently. The first group had their snack described as healthy and full of vitamins, the second group had their snack described as tasty, the third group were given a snack without any description whatsoever. Thirty minutes after finishing the snack, subjects were asked to rate their hunger on a scale of 1 to 10. The results are summarized in the table: ANOVA: Single Factor SUMMARY Groups Healthy Tasty No Description ANOVA Source of Variation Between Groups Within Groups Total Count 12 13. 14 SS 17.46154 62.89744 80.35897 Sum 62 46 56 Average 5.1667 3.5385 4.0000 Variance 1.9697 1.9359 1.3846 df MS F P-value 2 8.730769 4.997146 0.012156 36 1.747151 38 Based on these results, at a 5% level of significance what conclusion can the researchers draw from…When only two treatments are involved, ANOVA and the Student’s t-test (Chapter 11) result in the same conclusions. Also, for computed test statistics, t2 = F. To demonstrate this relationship, use the following example. Fourteen randomly selected students enrolled in a history course were divided into two groups, one consisting of six students who took the course in the normal lecture format. The other group of eight students took the course in a distance format. At the end of the course, each group was examined with a 50-item test. The following is a list of the number correct for each of the two groups. Traditional Lecture Distance 36 45 31 35 40 45 34 35 33 45 38 36 43 41 a-1. Complete the ANOVA table. (Round your SS, MS, and F values to 2 decimal places and p-value, F crit to 4 decimal places.) Source of Variation SS df MS F p-value F crit Treatment 96.01 1 96.01 5.67 0.0350 Error 203.21 12 16.93 Total 299.21 13…
- A manufacturer of a new medication on the market for Parkinson's disease makes a claim that the medication is effective in 75% of people who have the disease. One hundred fifty individuals with Parkinson's disease are given the medication, and 100 of them note the medication was effective. Does this finding provide statistical evidence at the 0.05 level that the effectiveness is less than the 75% claim the company made? Make sure to include parameter, conditions, calculations, and a conclusion in your answer.The basic principles of experimental designs are randomization, replication and error or local control. These principles make a valid test of significance possible. Discuss briefly what makes them indispensable requisite to make field experiments valid?g and h
