Cinchonine is more soluble in water when some acid (such as HC1 or H₂SO4) is added. Explain that observation and provide any relevant structure to support your answer.

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**Title: Solubility of Cinchonine in Acidic Solutions**

**Text:**

Cinchonine is more soluble in water when some acid (such as HCl or H₂SO₄) is added.

**Explanation:**

This observation can be explained by the formation of a more soluble salt form of cinchonine when it reacts with an acid. The basic nitrogen atom in the cinchonine molecule can be protonated by the acid to form a cinchonine salt (e.g., cinchonine hydrochloride or cinchonine sulfate). This salt formation enhances its solubility in water compared to its neutral form.

**Relevant Structure:**

In the structure of cinchonine, the nitrogen atom in the quinoline moiety can accept a proton from an acid. The transformation results in a positively charged ammonium ion, which interacts more favorably with the polar solvent molecules, increasing its solubility.

**Diagram:**

No specific diagram is provided, but a representation of the protonation of the nitrogen atom could help visualize this solubility process.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Solubility of Cinchonine in Acidic Solutions** **Text:** Cinchonine is more soluble in water when some acid (such as HCl or H₂SO₄) is added. **Explanation:** This observation can be explained by the formation of a more soluble salt form of cinchonine when it reacts with an acid. The basic nitrogen atom in the cinchonine molecule can be protonated by the acid to form a cinchonine salt (e.g., cinchonine hydrochloride or cinchonine sulfate). This salt formation enhances its solubility in water compared to its neutral form. **Relevant Structure:** In the structure of cinchonine, the nitrogen atom in the quinoline moiety can accept a proton from an acid. The transformation results in a positively charged ammonium ion, which interacts more favorably with the polar solvent molecules, increasing its solubility. **Diagram:** No specific diagram is provided, but a representation of the protonation of the nitrogen atom could help visualize this solubility process.
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