**Title: Understanding Markovnikov's Rule through Reaction Examples****Content:**The following reactions illustrate concepts in organic chemistry, specifically the application of Markovnikov’s rule in the addition of Hydrogen Bromide (HBr) to alkenes. Markovnikov's rule states that in the addition of HX (where X is a halogen) to an alkene, the hydrogen atom will attach to the carbon with the greater number of hydrogen atoms (less substituted), while the halogen will attach to the carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms (more substituted).---**Reaction Diagrams:****(a) Reaction:**- **Structure:** A cyclohexyl ethene reacting with HBr.- **Product:** The product shows the bromine (Br) attached to the more substituted carbon of the previous double bond, consistent with Markovnikov’s rule.**(b) Reaction:**- **Structure:** Another cyclohexyl ethene isomer reacting with HBr.- **Product:** Bromine attaches to the less substituted carbon in this case, which is inconsistent with Markovnikov's rule.**(c) Reaction:**- **Structure:** A different cyclohexene reacting with HBr.- **Product:** The bromine is attached to the more substituted carbon of the alkene, consistent with Markovnikov’s rule.---**Summary:**- **Reactions (a) and (c)** adhere to Markovnikov's rule, where the addition of HBr results in bromine attaching to the more substituted carbon of the double bond.- **Reaction (b)** does not conform to Markovnikov’s rule as the bromine attaches to the less substituted carbon.Understanding these reactions can help in predicting product outcomes in alkene reactions involving hydrogen halides.

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Answered: Which of the following reactions is/are…

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Which of the following reactions is/are consistent with Markovnikov's rule? Br (a) + HBr (b) HBr Br Br (c) + HBr

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

**Title: Understanding Markovnikov's Rule through Reaction Examples**

**Content:**

The following reactions illustrate concepts in organic chemistry, specifically the application of Markovnikov’s rule in the addition of Hydrogen Bromide (HBr) to alkenes. Markovnikov's rule states that in the addition of HX (where X is a halogen) to an alkene, the hydrogen atom will attach to the carbon with the greater number of hydrogen atoms (less substituted), while the halogen will attach to the carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms (more substituted).

---

**Reaction Diagrams:**

**(a) Reaction:**

- **Structure:** A cyclohexyl ethene reacting with HBr.
- **Product:** The product shows the bromine (Br) attached to the more substituted carbon of the previous double bond, consistent with Markovnikov’s rule.

**(b) Reaction:**

- **Structure:** Another cyclohexyl ethene isomer reacting with HBr.
- **Product:** Bromine attaches to the less substituted carbon in this case, which is inconsistent with Markovnikov's rule.

**(c) Reaction:**

- **Structure:** A different cyclohexene reacting with HBr.
- **Product:** The bromine is attached to the more substituted carbon of the alkene, consistent with Markovnikov’s rule.

---

**Summary:**

- **Reactions (a) and (c)** adhere to Markovnikov's rule, where the addition of HBr results in bromine attaching to the more substituted carbon of the double bond.
- **Reaction (b)** does not conform to Markovnikov’s rule as the bromine attaches to the less substituted carbon.

Understanding these reactions can help in predicting product outcomes in alkene reactions involving hydrogen halides.

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