Carbon monoxide is considered toxic because it acts on Complex IV. How would the addition of carbon monoxide to actively respiring mitochondria affect the relative oxidation-reduction states of all components of the electron-transport chain? Complexes I and I would be reduced, but complexes II and IV would be oxidized because the electrons come from FADH2 oxidation, not NADH. O All four complexes would remain oxidized because they function as a multisystem complex. O Complexes I, II, and I would be reduced and Complex IV would be oxidized. All four complexes would remain reduced because they function as a multisystem complex Complexes I, II, and ill would be oxidized but Complex IV would remain reduced.

Carbon monoxide is considered toxic because it acts on Complex IV. How would the addition of carbon monoxide to actively respiring mitochondria affect the relative oxidation-reduction states of all components of the electron-transport chain? Complexes I and I would be reduced, but complexes II and IV would be oxidized because the electrons come from FADH2 oxidation, not NADH. O All four complexes would remain oxidized because they function as a multisystem complex. O Complexes I, II, and I would be reduced and Complex IV would be oxidized. All four complexes would remain reduced because they function as a multisystem complex Complexes I, II, and ill would be oxidized but Complex IV would remain reduced.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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The glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle can transport cytosolic NADH equivalents into the mitochondrial matrix (see Fig. 15.11c). In this shuttle, the protons and electrons are donated to FAD, which is reduced to FADH₂. These protons and electrons are subsequently donated to coenzyme Q in the electron transport chain. End of Chapter Problem 86a How much ATP is generated per mole of glucose when the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is used? (Tolerance is +/- 2%) ATP are generated per glucose.
Concerning the citric acid cycle (TCA cycle), which of the following statements is false? The TCA cycle generates electron carriers Oxidation of pyruvate in the matrix of the mitochondria produces sixteen total electrons Substrate level phosphorylation in the TCA cycle produces 2 GTP per the oxidation of a single glucose molecule The fate of the carbonyl carbon of acetyl CoAin the TCA cycle is to be lost as CO2 in the second turn Oxygen is required to regenerate electron acceptors
Fe-S center is an oxidoreductive coenzyme present in the electron transport enzyme complex. Which of the following complex(es) do(es) NOT contain this coenzyme? Select one: A. Complex I B. Complex IV C. Complex II D. Complex III
If 30 molecules of acetyl CoA enter into the mitochondria in the presence of O2, how many molecules of ATP will be formed through oxidative phosphorylation?
A rare, fake disease that I just made up called Leaky Inner Membrane Syndrome can lead to the formation of Hydrogen Ion Channel proteins within the inner membrane of the mitochondria. These channel proteins allow for the diffusion of hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane according to their concentration gradient. Considering your knowledge of the electron transport chain and its role in oxidative phosphorylation, how would this disease affect the metabolism of an affected individual? Be specific!
The P/O ratio of a compound refers to the number of ATP produced when two electrons from the said compound reduce oxygen to produce 1 molecule of water. Assuming 4 H+ are needed per ATP synthesized, what is the P/O ratio of the following compounds: NADH FADH2 Ubiquinol Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine – this compound donates 2 electrons directly to complex IV of the mitochondrial ETC.
Complex II contains one heme b moiety that is not in the direct path of electron transfer. It may serve instead to decrease the frequency with which electrons leak out of the system to produce reactive oxidative species (ROS). Discuss the correlation between a defective heme b in Complex II and the development of certain types of cancer. What are some of the mechanisms by which the oxidative stress caused by ROS is alleviated? What are some of the damaging effects of ROS? How might these damaging effects lead to cancer?
The primary role citric acid cycle is to collect high energy electrons from the oxidation of carbons in the form of NADH and FADH2. If the electron transport chain is inhibited, would you expect the citric acid cycle to be more active or lessactive? Explain your answer.
When the antibiotic X is added to actively respiring mitochondria, several things happen: the yield of ATP decreases, the rate of O2 consumption increases, heat is released, and the pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane increases. Does X act as an uncoupler or an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation? Explain the experimental observations in terms of the antibiotic’s ability to transfer K+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The four complexes of the electron transport chain use the energy of electrons stored in reducing agents to create a concentration gradient of protons (H*) across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Give the number of protons pumped into the intermembrane space by each of the four complexes: complex I: complex II: complex III: complex IV:
If both complex I and complex II send electrons to cytochrome c, how many cytochrome c molecules will it take to deliver those electrons to complex IV? Assume that complex I received one NADH and complex I catalyzed oxidation of one succinate.
In oxidative phosphorylation (mark all that are true)... Choice 1 of 7:Succinate contributes 2e- to Complex II and 2H+ to the mitochondrial proton gradient. Choice 2 of 7:NADH in the matrix passes 2 e- to coenzyme Q via Complex I. Choice 3 of 7:Complexes I, II, III, and IV each contribute to the matrix proton gradient. Choice 4 of 7:O2 stabilizes the catalytically active conformation of Complex V. Choice 5 of 7:Reversible protonation of c subunits leads to rotation of the Complex V gamma subunit. Choice 6 of 7:Each β subunit can bind ATP tightly under the right conditions. Choice 7 of 7:For every 3 protons that pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, 1 ATP is produced. Below are screenshots of the answer from two different sources (for your consideration)