Freshly prepared mitochondria were incubated with B-hyroxybutyrate,oxidized cytochrome c, ADP, P, and cyanide. B-Hyroxybutyrate is oxidizedby an NAD*-dependent dehydrogenase.CoOCOOCH,CH,H-C-OHC=0NAD+NADHCH,+H+CH,The experimenter measured the rate of oxidation of B-hyroxybutyrate andthe rate of formation of ATP.(a) Indicate the probable flow of electrons in this system.(b) How many moles of ATP would you expect to be formed per mole ofB-hyroxybutyrate oxidized in this system?(c) Why is B-hyroxybutyrate added rather than NADH?(d) What is the function of the cyanide?(e) Write a balanced equation for the overall reaction occurring in thissystem (electron transport and ATP synthesis).(f) Calculate the net standard free energy change (AG") in this system,using E', values from Table 14.1 and a AG" value for ATP hydrolysis of-32.2 kJ/mol.

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Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Similar questions

What is the purpose of respiration? What are the inputs, products, and energy required or gained? How does it differ from fermentation? in other words, how do Glycolysis, Pyruvate dehydrogenase, Kreb cycle, and electron transport chain work and connect to the production of ATP by chemiosmosis? compare that to fermentation.
Tell how many ATPs result from from oxidative phosphorylation of one NADH; tell how many ATPs result from oxidation phosphorylation of one FADH2.
Which complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain accepts electrons directly from NADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)? NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) FADH2 dehydrogenase (complex II) cytochrome b-c1 (complex III) cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) the ATP synthase complex Chapter 14, Pg. 78
Assume that a person was born with a defective NADH dehydrogenase complex, the complex that allows electron transport chain (ETC) to make ATP from NADH. Following consumption of a diet rich in carbohydrates and fats, would you expect this person to be able to produce any ATP by oxidative phosphorylation? Explain your answer?
Answer J,N and H
What will happen to the proton (H+ions) gradient in the mitochondria if the ATP synthase is blocked?
Describe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP Include: inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porins
What is substrate-level phosphorylation and electron transfer phosphorylation? Compare and contrast the two. (hint: what is phosphorylation)
Where is the first NADH molecule produced in cellular respiration? options: Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A Conversion of acetyl coenzyme A to pyruvate Reduction of oxygen to water In the cytoplasm
At which site in the mitochondrion and chloroplast do the ATPmolecules collect after being made by ATP synthases, and what is theadvantage of this?
Draw the pathway for the conversion of Propionyl CoA to Succinyl CoA as it occurs in thematrix of the mitochondria. Show the structures and names of all reactants and products, as well asthe names of the enzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but doshow them as reactants or products in the appropriate places. You do not need to show themechanisms of the enzymes. Draw the pathway for the conversion of Succinyl CoA into 4 CO2. Show the structures andnames of all reactants and products, as well as the names of the enzymes. You do not need to drawthe structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriateplaces. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes. How many ATPs would be generated by the complete oxidation of Propionyl CoA into 3 CO2using any of the required enzymes of -oxidation, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis,the citric acid cycle andoxidative phosphorylation?
If you are given 4 hydrogen atoms (4H) and asked to carry out reduction of NAD+, state all the products that will result from this process. You can use any number of NAD+ but must account for all 4 H atoms and have no full H atoms left.

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