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Why is the multiplicity of equilibria in the standart Nash demand game in Nash (1953, ECMA) a problem for Nash’s purposes? How does he deal with this problem in Nash (1953)? Explain.
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- In trying to solve for the Cournot - Nash equilibrium, given (",") = R₁ (2) = 60-2 60-2 and (v) = R₂₁ = solve for y, . Answer: 45-1 2 C In trying to solve for the Cournot-Nash equilibrium, given (y) R₁(y)=60-y and = (y) R₂(y)= 45-y solve for y 2 Answer:Please answer clearly through 1. i to iv.Hey expert please do it for me asap
- In 'the dictator' game, one player (the dictator) chooses how to divide a pot of $10 between herself and another player (the recipient). The recipient does not have an opportunity to reject the proposed distribution. As such, if the dictator only cares about how much money she makes, she should keep all $10 for herself and give the recipient nothing. However, when economists conduct experiments with the dictator game, they find that dictators often offer strictly positive amounts to the recipients. Are dictators behaving irrationally in these experiments? Whether you think they are or not, your response should try to provide an explanation for the behavior.Within a voluntary contribution game, the Nash equilibrium level of contribution is zero, but in experiments, it is often possible to sustain positive levels of contribution for a long period. How might we best explain this? A) Participants are altruistic, and so value the payoff which other participants receive, benefiting (indirectly) from making a contribution. B) Participants believe that if they make a contribution, then other participants will be more likely to make a contribution. C) Participants in experiments believe that they have to make contributions in order to receive any payoff from their participation. D) Participants have experience of working in situations in which cooperation can be sustained for mutual benefit and so have internalised a social norm of cooperationConsider the following simultaneous move game where player 1 has two types. Player 2 does not know if he is playing with type a player 1 or type b player 1. Player 2 C D Player 1 A 12,9 3,6 B 6,0 6,9 C D A 0,9 3,6 B 6,0 6,9 Type a Player 1 Prob = 2/3 Type b Player 1 Prob = 1/3 Find the all the possible Bayesian Nash Equilibriums (BNE) of this game.
- Assume that a proposer and a respondent are playing an ultimatum game where they split a pie of Rs. 100. What is the backward induction equilibrium of this game? In a laboratory experiment we see that offers from the proposer averaging Rs. 20 are routinely rejected by the respondent. Name one theory that has been used to offer an explanation for this observation. Using that theory what modifications of agent utility functions are needed for such outcomes as described above to be equilibrium?Explain whether the statement is true or false and explain why? Statement 1: If a game has a Pareto efficient outcome, there exists a Nash equilibrium that leads to this outcome. Statement 2: If someone has linear indifference curves between contingent commodity bundles, then she must be risk averse and the risk premium is positive. Statement 3: Suppose we have a game with three pure strategies. In a (fully) mixed strategy Nash equilibrium, a player is indifferent between her three pure strategiesProblem #4: Bayesian Nash Equilibrium Consider the following game, which has two states of nature shown in the two game tables below: "Harmful" (p = 1/3) "Helpful" (1-p = 2/3) Player 2 X Y 3, 2 Player 2 Y 2, 3 3, 2 1,0 0,1 A 0,1 3,2 A Player 1 Player 1 В 0,1 B a) Assume that Player 1 knows what the true state of nature is when playing this game, but Player 2 does not. Find all of the game's Bayesian Nash equilibria. (Hint: It may help to arrange the game tables appropriately.) b) Now, assume that Player 2 knows the true state of nature, but Player 1 does not. Find all of the game's Bayesian Nash equilibria.
- Question 5 Consider an ultimatum game in which a Proposer offers a two-way split of $100 to two respondents. If either of the Responders accepts but not the other, that Responder and the Proposer get the split and the other Responder gets nothing. If no one accepts, no one gets anything, including the Proposer. If both Responders accept, one is chosen at random to receive the split. The following figure shows some laboratory evidence of this ultimatum game, with the proportion offered to the Responder on the horizontal axis. Based on this information, which of the following statements is correct? 100% One Responder 70% Two Responders 50% 10% 20% 10% ON ON SN 10% ASN 20% as 40 45s sos Fraction of offers rejectedNash equilibrium refers to the optimal outcome of a game where there is no incentive for the players to deviate from their initial strategy. An individual (or player) can receive no incremental benefit from changing actions, assuming other players remain constant in their strategies. Given this premise, can there be a no Nash equilibrium?You suspect that you are a price leader in the market. Moreover, you are considering expanding your operations. H.R. Shovenstuff will observe your moves and then follow, but he is more secretive so you will not know whether to price high or low after his pricing decision has been made. Using the following game tree, solve for the Nash equilibrium. High Price Shovenstuff High Price Low Price You High Price (2,1) (6,2) Invest Low Price Invest, High Price, High Price O Invest, Low Price, High Price Invest, Low Price, Low Price O Don't Invest, High Price, High Price Don't Invest, Low Price, High Price LOW Price (2,4) You High Price (4,4) Don't Invest High Price Low Price Shovenstuff Low Price You High Price (8,1) (2.6) Low Price (2,1)
