To demonstrate a causal relationship, the researchers must have appropriate time order and covariation between the variables, and they must have eliminated plausible alternative explanations. What is missing, if anything, in the following cause-and-effect assertions? Explain.A study looks at the promotion time for women and concludes that women face barriers to promotions.Proponents of free college education for all argue that teenage pregnancies and crime would be lower if everyone had the opportunity to go to college.An e-mail circulated stating that a study found that a majority of women who had breast cancer had used deodorant containing a specific chemical and argued that the government should ban that chemical.

A cause-effect relationship can be categorized under3 criteria: Temporal Precedence Covariation…

Answered: at the promotion time for women and…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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To demonstrate a causal relationship, the researchers must have appropriate time order and covariation between the variables, and they must have eliminated plausible alternative explanations. What is missing, if anything, in the following cause-and-effect assertions? Explain.
1. A study looks at the promotion time for women and concludes that women face barriers to promotions.
2. Proponents of free college education for all argue that teenage pregnancies and crime would be lower if everyone had the opportunity to go to college.
3. An e-mail circulated stating that a study found that a majority of women who had breast cancer had used deodorant containing a specific chemical and argued that the government should ban that chemical.

Definition Definition Measure of how two random variables change together. Covariance indicates the joint variability or the directional relationship between two variables. When two variables change in the same direction (i.e., if they either increase or decrease together), they have a positive covariance. When the change is in opposite directions (i.e., if one increases and the other decreases), the two variables have a a negative covariance.

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