Answer the following considering the game represented in extensive form (game tree) above: i. Player 1 has 2 information set(s) and Player 2 has 1 information set(s). (Recall: An information set can contain one or more decision nodes.) ii. There is (are) ♦ proper subgame(s) in this game (Recall: A proper subgame is a subgame other than the whole game itself.)

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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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**Game Tree Analysis**

In this game represented in extensive form (game tree), follow the answers below based on the diagram above:

### Diagram Explanation

The game tree shows two players making sequential decisions. 
- **Player 1** starts at the top node and can choose between actions **E** or **X**.
- If Player 1 chooses **E**, then **Player 2** gets to select between options **a**, **b**, and **c**.
- If Player 1 chooses **X**, the result is directly **(2, 2)**.

From **Player 2's** decisions:
- If **a** is chosen, Player 1 selects between **L** and **R**, leading to the outcomes **(3,1)** and **(0,0)**, respectively.
- If **b** is chosen, Player 1 also chooses between **L** and **R**, both leading to **(0,0)**.
- If **c** is chosen, the outcome is directly **(2,2)** and there is no further action for Player 1.

### Questions and Answers

i. **Information Sets**
   - Player 1 has **2** information sets.
   - Player 2 has **1** information set.
   - (Recall: An information set can contain one or more decision nodes.)

ii. **Subgames**
   - There are **0** proper subgames in this game.
   - (Recall: A proper subgame is a subgame other than the whole game itself.)

iii. **Player 2's Knowledge**
   - When choosing between **a**, **b**, and **c**, Player 2 knows whether Player 1 chose **E** or **X**.

iv. **Player 1's Knowledge**
   - When choosing between **L** and **R**, Player 1 knows Player 2's choice between **a**, **b**, and **c**.
Transcribed Image Text:**Game Tree Analysis** In this game represented in extensive form (game tree), follow the answers below based on the diagram above: ### Diagram Explanation The game tree shows two players making sequential decisions. - **Player 1** starts at the top node and can choose between actions **E** or **X**. - If Player 1 chooses **E**, then **Player 2** gets to select between options **a**, **b**, and **c**. - If Player 1 chooses **X**, the result is directly **(2, 2)**. From **Player 2's** decisions: - If **a** is chosen, Player 1 selects between **L** and **R**, leading to the outcomes **(3,1)** and **(0,0)**, respectively. - If **b** is chosen, Player 1 also chooses between **L** and **R**, both leading to **(0,0)**. - If **c** is chosen, the outcome is directly **(2,2)** and there is no further action for Player 1. ### Questions and Answers i. **Information Sets** - Player 1 has **2** information sets. - Player 2 has **1** information set. - (Recall: An information set can contain one or more decision nodes.) ii. **Subgames** - There are **0** proper subgames in this game. - (Recall: A proper subgame is a subgame other than the whole game itself.) iii. **Player 2's Knowledge** - When choosing between **a**, **b**, and **c**, Player 2 knows whether Player 1 chose **E** or **X**. iv. **Player 1's Knowledge** - When choosing between **L** and **R**, Player 1 knows Player 2's choice between **a**, **b**, and **c**.
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