All of the following enzymes catalyze a committed step EXCEPT: HMG-CoA reductase Fatty acyl-CoA synthetase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase I Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex All of the above enzymes catalyze a committed step The brain can directly use all of the following chemicals as energy source EXCEPT: Acetoacetate b-hydroxybutyrate Glucose Fatty acids All of the above can directly be used by the brain as energy source

All of the following enzymes catalyze a committed step EXCEPT: HMG-CoA reductase Fatty acyl-CoA synthetase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase I Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex All of the above enzymes catalyze a committed step The brain can directly use all of the following chemicals as energy source EXCEPT: Acetoacetate b-hydroxybutyrate Glucose Fatty acids All of the above can directly be used by the brain as energy source

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter19: The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22P: Study Figure 19.18 and decide which of the following statements is false. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is...

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Which enzyme is used for both the synthesis and breakdown of acetoacetate? thiolase O HMG-CoA synthase OB-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase O B-Ketoacyl-CoA transferase
Identify the Krebs cycle enzyme that consumes a 3-carbon substrate molecule, producing a 2- carbon product molecule (attached to acetyl-CoA), along with NADH, and one molecule of CO2. succinyl CoA synthetase a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase pyruvate dehydrogenase isocitrate dehydrogenase malate dehydrogenase
Identify a pathway for utilization of the four carbons of acetoacetate in cholesterol biosynthesis. Carry your pathway as far as the rate-determining reaction in cholesterol biosynthesis. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. succinyl-CoA succinate acetyl-CoA CoA-SH acetoacetyl-CoA HMG-CoA 2NADP 2NADPH+ 2H acetoacetate K UHL return to a mevalonate + CoA-SH
Which of the following is most helpful in ensuring that wasteful (unproductive) hydrolysis of acetyl CoA does not occur in the reaction catalyzed by citrate synthase? Group of answer choices Citrate synthase is a tetramer Induced fit ensures oxaloacetate binds before acetyl CoA 3 molecules of oxaloacetate bind for every 1 molecule of acetyl CoA Citrate inhibits the reaction Which of the following catalyzes a step that does NOT produce CO2? Group of answer choices alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex malate dehydrogenase pyruvate dehydrogenase complex isocitrate dehydrogenase Citrate synthase is regulated by... Group of answer choices Concentrations of substrate and products Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphate Covalent modification Allosteric regulation by the levels of NADDH
In the pyruvae dehydrogensae complex, acetyl-coa is released by the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase activity. What is the purpose of the following enzymatic activity.
If Vitamin B1 is deficient, which of the following intermediates is/are likely to accumulate inmitochondria? Pyruvate a-ketoglutarate Both A and B Neither A nor B Malonyl-CoA synthesized by the action of acetyl-CoA carboxylase II is primarily used: To synthesize fatty acids To inhibit fatty acid oxidation Both A and B Neither A nor B
Although glucose cannot be formed from acetyl-CoA, triglycerides can enter the glycolytic pathway via which process? O Acetyl-CoA → oxaloacetate → phosphoenolpyruvate O Palmitoyl-CoAB- ketoacyl-CoA → a-ketoglutarate O Glycerol → DHAP Acyl-CoA glucose
What enzyme(s) is/are specifically required for the oxidation of a Aeven monounsaturated fatty acid? (select all that apply) O Methylmalonyl CoA Mutase O enoyl-CoA Hydratase 43-enoyl-CoA isomerase Thiolase 2,4-Dienoyl-CoA Reductase OPropionyl-CoA carboxylase
What is the final reaction in the final round of fatty acid synthase? Acetyl-CoA ACP Transacylase Beta-Ketoacyl- ACP Synthase Beta-Ketoacyl- ACP Dehydrase Palmitoyl thioesterase Malonyl-CoA ACP Transacylase Enoyl-ACP Reductase
Below is an image of the Krebs cycle: acetyl-CoA oxaloacetate COASH H20 NADH NAD* H20 malate citrate fumarate isocitrate FADH2 NAD* CO2 FAD АТР NADH + ADP succinate GTP NAD+ a-ketoglutarate H20 GDP NADH + CO2 COASH succinyl CoA COASH Consider the conversion of succinate to fumarate, which is coupled with the production the electron carrier FADH2. If this reaction was NOT coupled with the production of FADH2 (and only catalyzed the conversion of succinate to fumarate), how would this impact ATP production through cell respiration? OATP production would stop because no high energy electron carriers would be produced ATP production would still occur, but there would be a much lower ATP yield because a large number of electron carriers are no longer being made ATP production would stop because without FADH2 we will no longer have electrons moving through the electron transport chain ATP production would still occur, but there would be a slightly lower ATP yield because a small number of…
Step 2 of B-oxidation involves a reaction with chemistry characterized as a dehydration. B-Oxidation is shown below. H HO || || C-C-S – CoA FAD но R-CH2- C Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase H-C-C -S- CoA Acetyl-CoA Fatty acyl-CoA H FADH2 - CH2 - -c-S- CoA R- Thiolase Fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbons COA-SH H. он Successive cycles R-CH2-C-C- -C-S- CoA R– CH2 C=C-C-S-CoA H B-Ketoacyl-Co.A trans-A²Enoyl-CoA NADH + H* H,0 H H L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase Enoyl-CoA hydratase R- CH,-c-c-C- S-CoA Но H NAD+ L-B-Hydroxyacyl-CoA True O False
Fatty acids are activated for breakdown through the action of acyl-CoA synthestase. Which of the following statements regarding acyl-CoA synthetase is not true? ● It catalyzes the addition of CoA to the fatty acid One of the products of the reaction is ADP. O The free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by this reaction is close to 0 kJ/mol, but the subsequent hydrolysis of pyrophosphate drives the reaction forward. O The reaction results in the formation of a thioester bond.