Answered: After a piece of DNA is sequenced, what…

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Biology

After a piece of DNA is sequenced, what type of analyses can be performed?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter15: Genomes And Genomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9QP

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Concept explainers

Genome annotation

The technique of linking biological information to genome sequences is termed genome annotation. Gene annotation is the method of identifying gene locations and coding sections. It helps us understand what these genes are doing in the body through establishing structural characteristics and linking them to the actions of various proteins.

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What can DNA sequencing be used for?
Describe how a DNA sequence can be used as a diagnostic tool.
In general, which part of a DNA sequence will have the best quality? (Ex. Beginning, middle, end?) Why?
What is DNA fingerprinting? What types of sequences are examined in DNA fingerprinting?
Describe how to determine the quality of DNA sequences using a chromatogram .
How is DNA amplified in a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) procedure?
What is a DNA read?
Which of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel, and the different bands are labeled with fluorescent nucleotides and scanned with a laser. b. A laser is used to fluorescently label the nucleotides present within the DNA, the DNA is run on a gel, and then the DNA is broken into fragments. c. Nucleotides are scanned with a laser and incorporated into the DNA that has been separated on a gel, and then the DNA is amplified with PCR. d. Fragments of DNA are produced in a reaction that labels them with any of four different fluorescent dyes, and the fragments then are run on a gel and scanned with a laser. e. DNA is broken down into its constituent nucleotides, and the nucleotides are then run on a gel and purified with a laser.
What is an advantage of using recombinant DNA to make proteins such as insulin, human growth hormone, or blood-clotting factors?
A researcher sequences a DNA fragment using dye-terminator sequencing. In this procedure, each dideoxynucleotide triphosphate (ddNTP) contains a fluorescent marker specific to the base. Upon excitement by a laser, the ddNTPs emit light at their characteristic wavelengths. An automated machine then reads the sequence. In this procedure, • ddCTP is tagged with a blue marker that emits light at 517 nm, • ddATP is tagged with a green marker that emits light at 540 nm, • ddGTP is tagged with a yellow marker that emits light at 570 nm, and • ddTTP is tagged with a red marker that emits light at 635 nm. The primer has the sequence 5'-ATGAC-3'. In the image shown here, the shortest fragments are at the bottom and the longest fragments are at the top. C T A T с T T T с G G Write the nucleotide sequence, including the primer, in the 3' to 5' direction. 3'- -5'
A researcher sequences a DNA fragment using dye-terminator sequencing. In this procedure, each dideoxynucleotide triphosphate (ddNTP) contains a fluorescent marker specific to the base. Upon excitement by a laser, the ddNTPs emit light at their characteristic wavelengths. An automated machine then reads the sequence. In this procedure, • ddCTP is tagged with a blue marker that emits light at 517 nm, • ddATP is tagged with a green marker that emits light at 540 nm, • ddGTP is tagged with a yellow marker that emits light at 570 nm, and ddTTP is tagged with a red marker that emits light at 635 nm. The primer has the sequence 5'-ATGAC-3'. In the image shown here, the shortest fragments are at the bottom and the longest fragments are at the top. с G с T A T T T T T с G G Write the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized DNA, without the primer, in the 3'to 5' direction. 31- 5
Why is there a difference between how the DNA looks between a whole food sample (strawberry or peas) and a processed sample (chocolate or gummy)? Compare two samples: a fresh sample and a processed sample. Describe how they appear differently and describe why they appear differently.