10.10 A wastewater treatment plant consists of a primary clarifier andan activated sludge reactor (with recycle) followed by a secondaryclarifier. The average inflow of wastewater to the primary clarifieris 14,500 m³/day with a BOD, of 250 mg/L and suspended solidsconcentration of 300 mg/L. The recirculation ratio in the secondarysystem is 0.75, with an underflow solids concentration of 12,000mg/L. Calculate the area required for secondary clarification whenthe slope of the limiting solids flux line is 0.5 m/h from a plot ofsolids flux (kg/m²-h) versus solids concentration (kg/m³). The set-tling velocity of the solids at the MLSS concentration of 6500 mg/Lis 0.7 m/h.

Given data: Inflow of wastewater to primary clarifier = 14,500 m3/day Recirculation ratio in…

Answered: A wastewater treatment plant consists…

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781259696527

Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

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8
Fresh apple juice contains 71.2% water flowing at a mass flow rate of 210 kg/h. The fresh juice is concentrated in an evaporation process. A portion of the fresh feed is bypassed to meet the evaporator maximum capacity. The bypass stream joins the evaporator outlet stream. Ninety percent of the water entering the evaporator is evaporated. The concentrated apple juice contains 29.4% water. (a) Draw the process flow sheet, (b) Calculate the mass flow rates of produced and evaporated streams. (c) Determine the percentage of the original feed bypassed. (d) Determine the com the bypass. sition of the prod from the evaporator before mixing with
7-31. In the air dryer illustrated in Figure 7.31, part of the effluent air stream is to be recycled in an effort to control the inlet humidity. The solids entering the dryer (Stream #3) contain 20 % water on a mass basis and the mass flow rate of the wet solids entering the dryer is 1000 lb/h. The dried solids (stream 4) are to contain a maximum of 5 % water on a mass basis. The partial pressure of water vapor in the fresh air entering the system (Stream #1) is equivalent to 10 mm Hg and the partial pressure in the air leaving the dryer (Stream #5) must not exceed 200 mm Hg. In this particular problem the flow rate of the recycle stream (stream #6) is to be regulated so that the partial pressure of water vapor in the air entering the dryer is equivalent to 50 mm Hg. For this condition, calculate the total molar flow rate of fresh air entering the system (Stream #1) and the total molar flow rate of the recycle stream (Stream #6). Assume that the process operates at atmospheric pressure…
Consider the following flowchart where a reverse osmosis unit is used to desalinize seawater. A seawater stream (Feed, Stream # 1) contains 5 weight % salt (S) and a balance water (W). A reverse osmosis unit (called Reverse Osmosis Separator in the flowchart) has been installed to remove a fraction of the salt and produce desalinized water (also called potable water). The exit stream from the separator (stream #4, also called brine waste) is split into streams 5 and 6. Stream # 6 is recycled back and mixed with the Feed stream before they enter the Separator. • Basis: 100 kg/hr Feed • Stream # 3 contains 1 weight % salt and balanced water 5% of the total salt entering the separator through stream #2 leaves from stream 3. • Stream # 5 contains 10 weight % salt. Feed-100 kg le 2 Revese Osnosi Separator 5% S Brine Waste 95% W 10% S 90s W S. Salt Potable water () W: Water all fractions e in I% S weight percent a) Complete the flowchart and perform the degree of freedom analysis. b)…
Plz do in 30min A single effect evaporator is to concentrate 20000kg/hr of a solution having a concentration of 5% salt to a concentration of 20% salt by weight. Steam is fed to the evaporator at a pressure corresponding to the saturation temp of 399K. The evaporator is operating at atmospheric pressure and boiling point rise is 7K. Calculate the heat load(kW) and steam economy
A container contains 600 kg solution which includes 6% sugar. It is homogeneously stirred. Another solution which includes 15% sugar is entering the container at 1000 kg/h constant flow rate. At the same time, it is also started a constant withdrawal rate at 700 kg/h. Derive an equation that relates the concentration of outlet withdrawal as a function of time. Calculate the concentration after 1.5 hours as well.
10. A container is separated into two halves by a membrane. Your lab partner assistant, Thurmond, is supposed to place a MgCl2 solution on side 1 and a NaCl solution on side 2. He is then supposed to measure the rate of water movement across the membrane. Unfortunately, Thurmond is not very good about keeping complete lab notes and he has forgotten to write down some data and calculations. Using your knowledge of osmosis, complete the following table. Temperature is 15°C and the hydraulic conductivity for the membrane is 0.4 ml/atm sec. MgCl2 Concentration on Side 1 NaCl Concentration on Side 2 80 mM Osmolarity on Side 1 Osmolarity on Side 2 Difference in osmotic pressure 60 mosM across the membrane Jy 0.95 ml/sec Reflection coefficient (ơ) Direction of water movement
Q.1) In the experiment, you wrap a piece of copper wire around your magnesium strip to suspend the magnesium inside the eudiometer. Why is copper wire a good choice for this task? Group of answer choices It conducts electricity very well It reacts strongly with the acid It does not react with the acid It is much heavier than Mg Part B) A 45 mL sample of a dry gas is collected at 380 torr and 25 °C. Calculate the volume of the gas sample (in mL) at STP. Part C)Using the data provided in Table 3 in the handout (also provided below), calculate the vapor pressure of water at 21.0 °C. Table 3: Vapor pressure of water at various temperatures T (˚C) P (mmHg) T (˚C) P (mmHg) T (˚C) P (mmHg) 0 4.58 16 13.63 26 25.21 5 6.54 18 15.48 28 28.35 10 9.21 20 17.54 30 31.82 12 10.52 22 19.83 40 55.3 14 11.99 24 22.38 50 92.5
A reverse-osmosis unit is used to obtain pure water from saline water. The coefficient of water permeation is 0.1 mol/cm2 s atm. The pressure differential across the membrane is 0.2 atm, and the osmotic pressure differential is 0.05 atm. The water flux across the membrane is most nearly (A) 0.0050 mol/cm2·s (B) 0.015 mol/cm2·s (C) 0.050 mol/cm2·s (D) 0.15 mol/cm² ·s
B only please!!
Ethane (C2H6) in gas phase flows stationary into a straight pipe at 400 K and 6 MPa. The gas is cooled at constant pressure and the temperature decreases to 305 K at the outlet. The mass flow is 2.5 kg/s. a) Calculate the volume flow and density of the gas at the inlet and the volume flow at the outlet with it ideal gas equation. b) Use it to calculate the volume flow and density of the gas at the inlet and the volume flow at the outlet generalized compressibility diagram and compressibility factor. c) Calculate the deviation between the results in a) and b)
Question 1. The gas stream from a manufacturing facility is contaminated with water-soluble organic compound acetone and is scrubbed in a water scrubber system. The water-only scrubber uses water as a solvent to strip (i.e. remove) the organic contaminant. The solvent is fed from the top of the scrubber, while the gas stream contains 20 per cent by weight of acetone is fed from the bottom. For a solvent feed rate of 1000 kg/h, the gas to the solvent feed rate of 1:5 weight ratio is needed to harvest an acetone-free overhead gas. a) Draw a flow diagram representing this process. Show all streams going in and out of the unit. b) Perform a degree of freedom analysis and determine all unknowns and independent equations in the problem. c) Calculate all the unknown stream variables. Clearly state all assumptions made and the basis of calculation used. Question 2.

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