A gene in jellyfish that make them glow in the dark was cut out and replaced inside a bacteria cell. The bacteria will now glow in the dark. Is this and example of selective breeding or genetic engineering?
Q: Why do Humans require pedigree analysis instead of breeding experiments to determine how a trait is…
A: Breeding experiments include controlled mating between the selected parents to obtain the progeny…
Q: Mutation (a) can produce new alleles. (b) can be harmful, beneficial, or neutral. (c) is a change in…
A: The hereditary substances of all organisms are Nucleic acids. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the…
Q: Explain the controlled breeding experiment?
A: Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia. Breed is a…
Q: What is the difference between a Knock-In vs Knock-Out experiment based upon a Gene that you are…
A: Knock -out experiment is nothing but deleting a gene or suppressing the action of the gene, so that…
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A: Variations are responsible for helping a species to survive by causing the organisms of a species to…
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Q: selective breeding is done by what?
A: The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary unit of an organism. The genes consist of the DNA…
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A: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) are those protein that exhibits bright green fluorescence when…
Q: Some genes evolve more rapidly than others. But how can this be demonstrated?
A: With the sequencing of genomes of many species, the geneticists are giving a detailed picture of the…
Q: before the advent of recombinant DNA technology why was it so difficult for generations to map human…
A: The recombinant DNA technology offered new opportunities for innovations to produce a wide range of…
Q: Which of the following does not apply to mutations?a. They occur to cause adaptive changes in…
A: Answer is a.)They occur to cause adaptive changes.
Q: What type of genes regulate the development of anatomical segments and structures in an organism,…
A: Genes are the hereditary unit of life made up of nucleotide. These are transfered from parents to…
Q: What might happen, for instance, if in a research study cancer cell genes were transferred into…
A: Gene therapy is a way of treating or preventing disease by altering the genetic instructions within…
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Q: Why would a geneticist study a yeast cell or a fruit fly or a mouse in order to understand human…
A: Human biology is an interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and…
Q: How is molecular genetics research changing our understanding of the effects of nature and nurture?
A: Molecular genetics is a branch of biology that studies how variations in the structures or…
Q: This illustration from an old textbook shows some of the over 150 different dog breeds that can be…
A: Breed is a specific group of domestic animals having homogeneous appearance, behaviour and other…
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A: Genetic variations arise due to the differences in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.
Q: Some organisms have genes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce. If the genes also…
A: Natural selection is an important mechanism carried out by animals. Natural selection will depend on…
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A: Introduction :- Any difference between individuals of a species or groups of organisms of any…
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A: Single nucleotide polymorphism refers to the germline substitution at a particular position in the…
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A: Totipotent cells are those cells that can differentiate into any type of cells that also includes…
Q: Humans have manipulated traits in organisms by selective breeding. With new technologies, humans…
A: Gene editing or genome editing is a group of technologies that help the scientists to specifically…
Q: Should we genetically engineer humans to remove undesirable traits? Why or why not?
A: In every country, numerous governmental entities regulate the process of genetic engineering. It…
Q: Which statement explains the result of the process shown in Figure 12 This process generates RNA…
A: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA using DNA as a template and DNA dependent RNA…
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A: Archibald Garrod’s main contribution is considered as his scientific theory of metabolic inborn…
Q: Why would a researcher be interested in over- or misexpression phenotypes?
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Q: in order Explain why you may need to microinject insulin to successfully create one transgenic cow.…
A: Gene transfer to the animal cells has been carried out by many different methods. Microinjection is…
Q: How does the regulation of gene expression support continued evolution of more complex organisms? a.…
A: The process of turning on a gene to produce RNA and protein is called gene expression. For a cell to…
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A: Fruit fly is common in homes , restaurants and wherever food is allowed to rot and ferment. They…
Q: Before the advent of recombinant DNA technology, why was it so diffcult for geneticists to map human…
A: why was it so diffcult for geneticists to map human genes using pedigrees? The limitations to the…
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A:
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Q: Why are mutations crucial for evolution? Mutations in germline cells that affect large parts of the…
A: The mutation is the fundamental cause of all variation. Natural selection and genetic drift are…
Q: ally engineer humans to remove undesirable
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A:
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A: A trade off exists when one trait cannot increase without a decrease in another or vice-versa. It…
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Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
A gene in jellyfish that make them glow in the dark was cut out and replaced inside a bacteria cell. The bacteria will now glow in the dark. Is this and example of selective breeding or genetic engineering?
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- You are working in a lab that studies stickleback fish. These fish normally have three spines that occur on the back of the stickleback. One day you notice that a young stickleback has no spines on its back but instead has three spines growing out of the top of its head! Question: Briefly explain a study you could do to test if the difference between the mutant and wild type fish was due to a difference in the structural gene that makes the spines or due to a difference in gene expression.What is the most likely method by which a gene produces red eyes in fruit flies? the gene codes for an enzyme that changes a colorless chemical into a red chemical in the cells of the eye the gene codes for an enzyme that is red a mutation changes the coding sequence of the gene so that it codes for a red protein instead of a white protein the gene codes for a chemical that is red in colorA PI in your facility has finished working with his transgenic line of mice and would like you to cryopreserve embryos (freeze them in liquid nitrogen) so that he can keep them for later experimentation without paying the extra cost of a breeding colony. Which of the following steps do you take? Select all that apply: a) Use the van der Lee/Boot and Whitten effect to time mate your females. b) Superovulate your females by injecting with PMSG and hCG. c) Breed the mice with a vasectomized male. d) Collect ova from the ampulla the day you find a plug. e) Collect blastocysts from the uterus 3 days after finding a plug.
- The bollworm is a pest that eats and damages corn crops. During their short lifespans, Bollworms hatch, eat, mate, and lay eggs which hatch the following spring. In order to save her business, a local farmer has chosen to use a pesticide toxin that's deadly to 90% of bollworms. The remaining 10% of the bollworm population is carries a rare inheritable gene that makes them immune to the toxin. The farmer switches to using the pesticide in 2006. At first, this seems to solve her problem: her first crop showed very little sign of bollworm damage. As time went on however, the modified corn plants began to show increasing signs of damage. Less than 10 years later, the plants showed nearly the same damage as the original crops. #Non- # Immune Immune Bollworms Bollworms Bollworm Population Over Time Year 600 2002 48 447 500 2004 50 450 400 Not Immune 2006 50 10 to taxin 300 2008 110 20 200 Immune to 2010 235 15 toxin 100 2012 350 20 2014 470 10 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018…The bollworm is a pest that eats and damages corn crops. During their short lifespans, Bollworms hatch, eat, mate, and lay eggs which hatch the following spring. In order to save her business, a local farmer has chosen to use a pesticide toxin that's deadly to 90% of bollworms. The remaining 10% of the bollworm population is carries a rare inheritable gene that makes them immune to the toxin. The farmer switches to using the pesticide in 2006. At first, this seems to solve her problem: her first crop showed very little sign of bollworm damage. As time went on however, the modified corn plants began to show increasing signs of damage. Less than 10 years later, the plants showed nearly the same damage as the original crops. #Non- # Immune Immune Bollworms Bollworms Bollworm Population Over Time Year 600 2002 48 447 500 2004 50 450 400 Not Immune 2006 50 10 300 to toxin 2008 110 20 5 200 Immune to 2010 235 15 100 toxin 2012 350 20 2014 470 10 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018…Suppose that you are studying the role of Protein B, which you believe plays a role in regulating PCD/Apoptosis in mice. You create two lines of mutant mice. One (bb) is homozygous for a loss-of-function allele of gene B. The other (Bb) is heterozygous, with one wild-type allele and one loss-of function allele. Initially you pay particular attention to two phenotypes of the resulting mice:(i) The morphology of their paws (see picture)(ii) The size of their brains & shape of their skulls. The bb mice have unusually large brains and unusual protrusions from their skulls. Suggest one other aspect of mouse morphology or physiology that you might expect to be altered in the absence of Protein B. Briefly explain your reasoning. Also, based on the apparent effect of Protein B on the likelihood of PCD/Apoptosis, would you classify Protein B as the product of a proto-oncogene or of a tumor suppressor gene?
- Suppose that you are studying the role of Protein B, which you believe plays a role in regulating PCD/Apoptosis in mice. You create two lines of mutant mice. One (bb) is homozygous for a loss-of-function allele of gene B. The other (Bb) is heterozygous, with one wild-type allele and one loss-of function allele. Initially you pay particular attention to two phenotypes of the resulting mice:(i) The morphology of their paws (see picture) (ii) The size of their brains & shape of their skulls. The bb mice have unusually large brains and unusual protrusions from their skulls. Based on these data, does it appear that Protein B, when present and active, favors or inhibits PCD/Apoptosis?Briefly explain your reasoning. The answer should address both the paw and brain/skull data.Suppose that you are hired by a biotechnology firm to produce a strain of giant fruit flies, by using recombinant DNA technology, so that genetics students will not be forced to strain their eyes when looking at tiny flies. You go to the library and learn that growth in fruit flies is normally inhibited by a hormone called shorty substance P (SSP). You decide that you can produce giant fruit flies if you can somehow turn off the production of SSP. SSP is synthesized from a compound called XSP in a single-step reaction catalyzed by the enzyme runtase: XSP———————>SSP runtase A researcher has already isolated cDNA for runtase and has sequenced it, but the location of the runtase gene in the Drosophila genome is unknown. In attempting to devise a strategy for turning off the production of SSP and producing giant flies by using standard recombinant DNA techniques, you discover that deleting, inactivating, or otherwise mutating this DNA sequence in Drosophila turns out to be extremely…The bollworm is a pest that eats and damages corn crops. During their short lifespans, Bollworms hatch, eat, mate, and lay eggs which hatch the following spring, In order to save her business, a local farmer has chosen to use a pesticide toxin that's deadly to 90% of bollworms. The remaining 10% of the bollworm population is carries a rare inheritable gene that makes them immune to the toxin. The farmer switches to using the pesticide in 2006. At first, this seems to solve her problem: her first crop showed very little sign of bollworm damage. As time went on however, the modified corn plants began to show increasing signs of damage. Less than 10 years later, the plants showed nearly the same damage as the original crops. WNon- Immune Immune Year Bolworms Bollworms Bollworm Population Over Time 600 2002 48 447 500 2004 50 450 400 Not immune to toxin 2006 50 10 300 2008 110 20 200 2010 235 15 Immune to 100 taxin 2012 350 20 2014 470 10 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016- 2018 2016…
- In an epic battle, the Green Goblin was able to wound Spider-Man and collect a sample of his cells. Utilizing a HuMouse model organism, the Goblin got the mutated chromosomes into the animals and began breeding them to determine the basis of their chromosomal inheritance. In the process of conducting his research, he discovered the gene associated with spider-like powers are actually three distinct genes: one for spider sense; one for super strength; one for enhanced agility. All genes appear to be dominant, so the Goblin runs a test cross and gets the following results: Phenotype Agility Number of Progeny 94 Agility and Sense 3 All 3 Powers 580 Sense 40 Strength and Agility Strength and Sense Strength 45 89 5 No Powers 592 What is the map distance between Strength and Agility genes? (Enter your number as map units, or centiMorgans, but without units)You are working in a lab that studies stickleback fish. These fish normally have three spines that occur on the back of the stickleback. One day you notice that a young stickleback has no spines on its back but instead has three spines growing out of the top of its head! (answer both questions) question 1: A mutation in what type of gene is probably the cause of this unusual situation? Why? question #2: would you expect the proteins that make the spines to be different in the mutant fish compared to a wildtype fish. Why or why not?The bollworm is a pest that eats and damages corn crops. During their short lifespans, Bolworms hatch, eat, mate, and lay eggs which hatch the following spring, In order to save her business, a local farmer has chosen to use a pesticide toxin that's deadly to 90% of bollworms. The remaining 10% of the bollworm population is carries a rare inheritable gene that makes them immune to the toxin. The farmer switches to using the pesticide in 2006. At first, this seems to solve her problem: her first crop showed very little sign of bollworm damage. As time went on however, the modified corn plants began to show increasing signs of damage. Less than 10 years later, the plants showed nearly the same damage as the original crops. Non- Immune Immune Bolworms Bolworms Bollworm Population Over Time Year 2002 2004 48 447 50 450 Not immune to toxin 2006 50 2008 20 110 235 350 nmune to 2010 toxin 2012 20 /10 495 1S T20 470 2014 2016 2002 2004 2006 2008 2000 202 2014 206 208 Year 2018 492 Evidence of…