A​ case-control (or​ retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relationship between the colors of helmets worn by motorcycle drivers and whether they are injured or killed in a crash. Results are given in the accompanying table. Using a 0.05   significance​ level, test the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color.       Color of Helmet         Black White Yellow Red Blue     Controls​ (not injured)   472 352 30 163 70     Cases​ (injured or​ killed)   201 106 8 67 34       Click here to view the chi-square distribution table. LOADING...       Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Choose the correct answer below.   A. Upper H 0 ​: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent Upper H 1 ​: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent   B. Upper H 0 ​: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent Upper H 1 ​: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent   C. Upper H 0 ​: Injuries and helmet color are independent Upper H 1 ​: Injuries and helmet color are dependent   D. Upper H 0 ​: Injuries and helmet color are dependent Upper H 1 ​: Injuries and helmet color are independent   Compute the test statistic.   enter your response here ​(Round to three decimal places as​ needed.) Find the critical​ value(s).   enter your response here ​(Round to three decimal places as needed. Use a comma to separate answers as​ needed.) What is the conclusion based on the hypothesis​ test?   ▼   Reject Fail to reject Upper H 0 . There ▼   is not is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color.

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A​ case-control (or​ retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relationship between the colors of helmets worn by motorcycle drivers and whether they are injured or killed in a crash. Results are given in the accompanying table. Using a

0.05
 
significance​ level, test the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color.
 
 
 
Color of Helmet
 
 
 
 
Black
White
Yellow
Red
Blue
 
 
Controls​ (not injured)
 
472
352
30
163
70
 
 
Cases​ (injured or​ killed)
 
201
106
8
67
34
 
 
 
Click here to view the chi-square distribution table.
LOADING...
 
 
 
Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Choose the correct answer below.
 
A.
Upper H 0
​:
Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent
Upper H 1
​:
Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent
 
B.
Upper H 0
​:
Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent
Upper H 1
​:
Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent
 
C.
Upper H 0
​:
Injuries and helmet color are independent
Upper H 1
​:
Injuries and helmet color are dependent
 
D.
Upper H 0
​:
Injuries and helmet color are dependent
Upper H 1
​:
Injuries and helmet color are independent
 
Compute the test statistic.
 
enter your response here
​(Round to three decimal places as​ needed.)
Find the critical​ value(s).
 
enter your response here
​(Round to three decimal places as needed. Use a comma to separate answers as​ needed.)
What is the conclusion based on the hypothesis​ test?
 
 
Reject
Fail to reject
Upper H 0
.
There
 
is not
is
sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color.
 
 
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