8. Using the molecule names below, fill in the blanks for the following processes. (You can useeach molecule more than once or not at all.)acetyl COAcitric acidOxaloacetateG3Pa. Fermentation:b. Citric Acid Cycle (first step):c. Glycolysis:d. Transition Reaction:e. Digestion:Body*Starchglucose#m$4↸ABANSWER ANSWER → ANSWERANSWER + ANSWERANSWERANSWER ANSWERANSWERANSWERANSWER + ANSWERANSWER →ANSWERANSWER%5Pyruvate02IMacBook ProU6449&lactic acidCO₂7∞

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/7debd802-865e-4c90-8999-855585a3b62d.jpg

Answered: 8. Using the molecule names below, fill…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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30. Which of the following enzymes are required for the shown reaction? COOH CH₂ CH₂ C=O HS-COA Cool CON CH COOH NAD+ NADH +H+ CH₂ I C=0 I S-COA A. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase B. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
The average cell, at rest, hydrolyzes 10,000, 000 ATP molecules per second. You are studying the stem cell population found in the intestinal Crypts. In the intestine there are s total 5 x 1011 cell number. The stem cells have a 85% higher metabolism than an average resting cell. ATP hydrolysis yield 7.4 kCal/ Mole ATP. (Avogadro’s number is 6.023 x 1023) 1) How many moles of ATP are hydrolyzed per second? A) 15.3 moles/ sec. B) 7.06 x 10-6 moles/ sec. C) 5.4 x 10-2 moles/ sec. D) 25 moles/ sec. E) 225 moles/hour F) none of these
You are studying a biochemical pathway that requires ATP as an energy source. To your dismay, the reactions soon stop, partly because the ATP is rapidly used up and partly because an excess of ADP builds up and inhibits the enzymes involved. You are about to give up when the following table from a biochemistry textbook catches your eye. A. ذن فه B. Substrates C. Creatine + ATP ATP + H₂O Pyrophosphate + H₂O Glucose-6-phosphate + H₂O Enzyme A Enzyme B Enzyme C Enzyme D Products Creatine-phosphate + ADP Which of the following reagents is/are most likely to revitalize your reaction? a vast excess of ATP glucose 6-phosphate and enzyme D creatine phosphate and enzyme A D. pyrophosphate ADP + Phosphate 2 Phosphate Glucose + Phosphate AG (kJ/mol) +3 -7.3 -7.0 -3.3
1. Why is the chemical logic behind the phosphorylation of glucose by hexokinase? a. So that we end the preparatory phase with 2 3-carbon compounds. b. to provide a substrate for phosphohexose isomerase. c. "Locks" Glucose in the cell. d. to decrease the ΔG of the next reaction. 2. What type of reaction does glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyze? a. isomerization b. group transfer c. oxidation d. dehydration
1. What role does oxygen play in the ETC? What ultimately happens to that oxygen? (What compound(s) does it become?) 2. What are the rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis and the TCA cycle? Glycolysis: TCA:
10. The first reaction in glycolysis is the phosphorylation of glucose: Pi + Glucose → Glucose-6-phosphate This is a thermodynamically unfavorable process with AGº = +13.8 kJ/mol. In a liver cell at 37 °C the concentration of both phosphate and glucose are normally maintained at about 5 mM each. The equilibrium concentration of glucose-6-phosphate according to the above data is: A. 1.18 x107 B. 8.50 x 104 C. 4.25 x 105 D. 2.21 x 10s E. 1.38 x 108 F. 3.02 X 103 G. 6.75 x 10-6 H. 4.08 x 10 I. 9.15 x106
2a. How many NADH are made during glycolysis from one glucose? 2b. How many NADH are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose? 2c. How many FADH2 are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose?
8. Indicate the number of moles each of the molecules below formed from running three moles of glucose through glycolysis and Krebs cycle Moles produced from two moles of glucose running through Glycolysis Moles produced from two moles of glucose being oxidized in the PDC/Krebs Cycle Molecule Produced ATP GTP NADH + H* FADH2 CO2 D Focus United States) W DE DELL F11 F12 F8 F9 F10 F6 FZ (8)
2
2. Regarding the glycolysis metabolic pathways covered in class: A. In the EMP metabolic pathway, what chemical is catabolized to form pyruvate? (1 step away) B. There are two products of step 4 in the EMP pathway. If they were not phosphorylated, how would you describe these as monosaccharides (for example, an aldohexose and a ketopentose)? C. In the TCA Cycle, what chemical is produced by catabolism of isocitrate? (1 step away) D. Describe the major differences between primary, secondary and partial oxidation metabolism in terms of cell growth rate, (ii) oxygen consumption rate, and (iii) products formed.
= Cellular Respiration Glucose (Cs) 2 G3P (Cs) 2 U Cs) 2 GTP- GDP (Cs) 2 acetyl CoA (___Cs) 1½/202 iii H₂O iv 2 Fill out the diagram as indicated by instructions below. Label processes g. A, B, and C. h. Some reactions are labeled with numbers in blue ovals. (Some of these are "collected" reactions, i.e. they stand for all reactions of the same type that occur in the same part of the pathway.) Among these reactions, write in reactants and products for all reactions that involve ATP and ADP. i. Reactions 6 and 8 involve FADH₂. Write in reactants and products for these reactions. j. Among the reactions labeled with numbers in blue ovals, write in reactants and products for all reactions that involve NAD+ and NADH. k. Below, write in the molecules that correspond to each of the following labels (iv is a molecule moving through the protein, indicated with an arrow): i: ii: iii: iv: 1. The blank in front of molecule (i) that you identified above is to indicate how many copies of this…
2. Regarding the glycolysis metabolic pathways covered in class: A. In the EMP metabolic pathway, what chemical is produced by anabolism of pyruvate? (1 step away) B. There are two products of step 4 in the EMP pathway. If they were not phosphorylated, how would you describe these as monosaccharides (for example, an aldohexose and a ketopentose)? C. In the TCA Cycle, what chemical is produced by catabolism of isocitrate? (1 step away) D. Describe the major differences between primary, secondary and partial oxidation metabolism in terms of (i) cell growth rate, (ii) oxygen consumption rate, and (iii) products formed.

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