8. The interaction of individual choices Because eels are highly endangered as a species, many governments enact laws prohibiting fishing along their migration route. Initially, eel fishers complain about this restriction on the locations they can fish, but after a while they notice that the number of eels swimming outside regulated areas is much higher than it was before. With the laws in place, eel fishers end up catching a greater quantity of eels than they did prior to the enactment of the laws. Which of the following principles of economic interaction best describes this scenario? Markets allocate goods effectively. When markets do not achieve efficiency, government intervention can improve overall welfare. There is a tradeoff between equality and efficiency. Markets usually lead to efficiency.

8. The interaction of individual choices Because eels are highly endangered as a species, many governments enact laws prohibiting fishing along their migration route. Initially, eel fishers complain about this restriction on the locations they can fish, but after a while they notice that the number of eels swimming outside regulated areas is much higher than it was before. With the laws in place, eel fishers end up catching a greater quantity of eels than they did prior to the enactment of the laws. Which of the following principles of economic interaction best describes this scenario? Markets allocate goods effectively. When markets do not achieve efficiency, government intervention can improve overall welfare. There is a tradeoff between equality and efficiency. Markets usually lead to efficiency.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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On graph Price 150,300,450 , 600,.................1500 Quantity 0,1,2,3,4,5...
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The town of Grayling has 10 thousand residents who produce fish from fish farms and lakes. Each person who works on a fish farm produces 2 fish per day. Each person who fishes in a lake produces 10-X fish per day where X is the number of people (in thousands) who fish in the lakes. If the town issues tradable permits for lake fishing equal to the Pareto efficient value for X, what would a resident pay for one of these permits? (hint: how many extra fish does a lake fisherman catch compared to a fish farmer at the efficient value of X?)
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16. A pharmaceutical company develops a vaccine against malaria, a disease that kills large numbers of people worldwide. This vaccine market presents Opositive externalities Onegative externalities Opublic goods Osocial cost and as a result Othe private demand for vaccine is greater than the social demand Othe social demand for vaccines is greater than the private demand Othe market will result in an over production of vaccines Othe price of the vaccine will be too low to generate profitfor the firm
4. Efficiency in the presence of externalities Cars impose many external costs on society: carbon dioxide emissions that contribute to air pollution, congestion on roadways, and so on. Therefore, the market quantity of cars is not equal to the efficient quantity. The following graph shows the private demand for cars, the private supply of cars, and the social supply of cars, which incorporates both private costs and external costs. Use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the market quantity. Next, use the purple point (diamond symbol) to indicate the socially optimum quantity. Note: Drop lines will extend to both axes automatically. DERIVATE QUARKET O5OCIAL SSOCIAL SPRVATE QUANTITY OF CARS From society's standpoint, the market is producing cars. This is an example of of resources. PRICE OF CARS
Externalities are a form of market failure. Identify two externalities related to Covid-19, one positive and one negative. Graph and explain how each externality affects the optimal amount of the good that is generating the externality.
3. Efficiency in the presence of externalities Roses confer many external benefits on society: the beauty they add to a room or garden, the wonderful aroma they give off, and so on. Therefore, the market equilibrium quantity of roses is not equal to the socially optimal quantity. The following graph shows the demand for roses (their private value), the supply of roses (the private cost of producing them), and the social value of roses (the private value and external benefits). Use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the market equilibrium quantity. Next, use the purple point (diamond symbol) to indicate the socially optimal quantity.
According to lecture, evaluating the abundance, and thus health, of fish stocks in pelagic fisheries like the Cod fishery in terms of steady catch rates or profits from fishing, is problematic because it: OIgnores the role that increasingly efficient fishing technology plays in keeping catches and profits steady, when fish populations may be declining O Assumes every fisherman is reporting their profits and catches accurately OIs based on estimates rather than hard numbers regarding catch and profit O Ignores the fact that pelagic fishers, like the cod fishery off the NE coast of North America, is regulated by community-based resource management
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4. Externalities - Definition and examples An externality arises when a firm or person engages in an activity that affects the well-being of a third party, yet neither pays nor receives any compensation for that effect. If the impact on the third party is detrimental, it is called a externality. The following graph shows the demand and supply curves for a good with this type of externality. The dashed drop lines on the graph reflect the market equilibrium price and quantity for this good. Shift one of the curves to reflect the presence of the externality. If there are external costs of production, then you should shift the supply curve to reflect the social costs of producing the good; similarly, if there are external benefits from production, then you should shift the demand curve to reflect the social benefits from consuming the good. PRICE (Dollars per unit) QUANTITY (Units) Supply Demand Demand Supply With this type of externality, in the absence of government intervention, the…