6D.5 Which reaction responds more strongly to changes of temperature, one with an activation energy of 52 kJ mol-1 or one with an activation energy of 25 kJ mol-¹?
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- 8. (15 marks) A reaction is written as A(g) At 298 K, k₁ =0.21 s.1. k.₁=5×10 Pa¹·s¹. B(g) + C(g). k-1 As the temperature increased from 298 K to 310 K, the values of k₁ and k., are doubled (denoted as k2 and K.2). (1) Calculate the rate constant k at 298K; (2) Calculate the activation energy of both forward and reverse reactions; (3) Calculate AH and AU for the reaction at 298K; (4) Calculate the reaction time at the whole pressure reaching to 152 kPa. The initial pressure of A(g) is 100 kPa and the reaction temperature is 298 K.(7pts) The rate law for the reaction 3A C is Rate = 0.951 M' hr1 [A]? What is the half-life for the reaction if the initial concentration of A is 0.750 M? How long will it take for the concentration to be reduced to 0.050 M?The reaction of CH;OH and HBr is believed to proceed by the mechanism: ki CH:OH +H+ = CH:OHz* k1 Elementary Step 1: (Fast pre-equilibrium) Elementary Step 2: k2 CH;OH2* + Br- 5 CH;Br + H2O (Slow) (а) What is the stoichiometric overall equation for the reaction? (b) What is the intermediate in the proposed mechanism? (c) Derive the rate law predicted by this mechanism. Show your working out.
- When the rate of the reversible reaction A + BSC is studied under a certain set of conditions, it is found that the rate of the forward reaction is kA]. What can be concluded about the rate law for the reverse reaction under these conditions? (A) Rate = k-[C] %3D (B) Rate = k [B] (C) The rate law of the reverse reaction cannot be determined from the information given. (D) An crror must have been made, since if the reaction is reversible, the forward rate law must be Rate = k{A][B]. %3D5 Br-(aq) + BrO3-(aq) + 6 H+(aq)--> 3 Br2(aq) + 3 H2O(l); (a) write the expressions of the reaction rates mathematically in terms of (i) the disappearance of Br- (Reactant); (ii) the disappearance of BrO3- (Reactant), and (iii) the formation of Br2 (Product). (b) What are the stoichiometric relationships (rationalization) of the various rates for this reaction? (e.g. Product C formation is 2x faster than Reactant A disappearance/decomposition.)The first step in the heterogeneoushydrogenation of ethylene is adsorption of theethylene molecule on a metal surface. One proposed explanation for the “sticking” of ethylene to a metalsurface is the interaction of the electrons in the C—C π bond with vacant orbitals on the metal surface. (a) If thisnotion is correct, would ethane be expected to adsorb to a metal surface, and, if so, how strongly would ethane bindcompared to ethylene? (b) Based on its Lewis structure,would you expect ammonia to adsorb to a metal surfaceusing a similar explanation as for ethylene?
- Benzoyl peroxide (C14H10O4) is widely used in acne treatments. It degrades by 1st-order kinetics and has a half-life of 9.8×103 days at 25 °C.(a) What is the rate constant for this reaction at 25 °C? (b) How many years will it take for 10% of the benzoyl peroxide to degrade?The graph below is a plot of the energy profile for the reaction A-->B. (A) Which region of the graph (1,2,3, or 4) corresponds to the part of the reaction where mostly bond breaking is occurring? (B) Which region of the graph corresponds to the activated complex? (C) Which region of the graph is the region where stable products exist? (D) Where on the graph is the reaction mostly reforming bonds?Q:4-1 Consider the following reaction: 2 NO(g) + 2 H2(8) → N;(g) + 2 H,O(g) (a) The rate law for this reaction is first order in H, and second order in NO. Write the rate law. (b) If the rate constant for this reaction at 1000 K is 6.0 × 10ª M¯²s¯!, what is the re- action rate when [NO] = 0.035 M and [H,] = 0.015 M? (c) What is the reaction rate at 1000 K when the concentration of NO is increased to 0.10 M, while the concentration of H, is 0.010 M? (d) What is the reaction rate at 1000 K if [NO] is decreased to 0.010 M and [H,] is increased to 0.030 M? %3D Q:4-2 The iodide ion reacts with hypochlorite ion (the ac- tive ingredient in chlorine bleaches) in the following way: OCI- + I- –→ OI¯ + Cl¯. This rapid reaction gives the following rate data: [OCI¯] (M) [I-] (M) Initial Rate (M/s) 1.5 X 10-3 1.5 X 10¬3 1.36 X 10¬4 3.0 × 10–3 1.5 X 10–3 2.72 X 10¬4 1.5 × 10-3 3.0 × 10-3 2.72 X 10¬4 (a) Write the rate law for this reaction. (b) Calculate the rate constant with proper units. (c)…
- For which reaction below would you expect to have the largest orientation factor (p)?(a) N2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g)(b) O3(g) + O(g) → 2 O2(g)(c) CH3OH(l) + HCl(g) → CH3Cl(l) + H2O(l)(d) 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) → 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g)(a) Select all of the correct statements about reaction rates from the choices below. The lower the rate of a reaction the longer it takes to reach completion.Reactions involving very unstable combinations of chemicals have large rate constants.Concentrations of homogeneous catalysts have no effect on reaction rates.Reaction rate constants are independent of temperature.The slowest step in a reaction is called the rate-determining step.A balanced chemical reaction is necessary to relate the rate of reaction to the concentration of a reactant.Slow reactions can be speeded up by raising the temperature.The order from most reactive to least reactive in an Sy1 (solvolysis) reaction with CIIOII is Br Br CH CHCHCH, сн,СНСH, CH, Br CH,СсH,CH, сн, CH, CH, 3 (A) 1>2> 3 (B) 2>1>3 (C) 3>1>2 (D) 3> 2 >1
