6. Does this data support a hypothesis that some resistance genes evolved in bacteria that were not exposed to modern antibiotics? Why or why not? 7. Did any antibiotics affect Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains very differently? What is a possible explanation for this? 8. Which feature (antibiotic target) of bacteria seems to be the most resistant to antibiotics? Why might that be? 9. Thinking about the cellular features that antibiotics target, why do you think that antibiotics only harm bacterial cells and not your own human cells?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
icon
Related questions
icon
Concept explainers
Question
100%

Based on the graphs given answer the questions given:

A
100 3oS Ribosome
90 5oS Ribosome
Folate Pathway
0 DNA/RNA Synthesis
Cell Wall Synthesis
Cell Membrane
Gram +ve
Streptomycin
B
Clindamycin
100 130S Ribosome
90 5oS Ribosome
80 Folate Pathway
70 DNA/RNA Synthesis
60 Cell Wall Synthesis
Erythromycin
Telithromycin
Linesolid
Chloramphenicol
Sulfamethoxasole
Antibiotic (20 pg/mi)
50
40
Gram -ve
Apramycin
Gentamicin
Tetracycline
Chloramphenice
Telith
Clindamycin
romycin
hoxasol
Sultamet
Antibiotic (20 vg/mi)
Trimethoprim
Rifampic
Me
Fosfomycin
() sujeas
Resistant
Apramycin
Gentamicin
(%)
tracycline
inocycline
Tigerycline
nt Strains
Resista
Streptomycin
uka
Ampicilin
Piperacilin
Daptomycin
Ciprofloxacin
Cephalexin
Ampicillin
Transcribed Image Text:A 100 3oS Ribosome 90 5oS Ribosome Folate Pathway 0 DNA/RNA Synthesis Cell Wall Synthesis Cell Membrane Gram +ve Streptomycin B Clindamycin 100 130S Ribosome 90 5oS Ribosome 80 Folate Pathway 70 DNA/RNA Synthesis 60 Cell Wall Synthesis Erythromycin Telithromycin Linesolid Chloramphenicol Sulfamethoxasole Antibiotic (20 pg/mi) 50 40 Gram -ve Apramycin Gentamicin Tetracycline Chloramphenice Telith Clindamycin romycin hoxasol Sultamet Antibiotic (20 vg/mi) Trimethoprim Rifampic Me Fosfomycin () sujeas Resistant Apramycin Gentamicin (%) tracycline inocycline Tigerycline nt Strains Resista Streptomycin uka Ampicilin Piperacilin Daptomycin Ciprofloxacin Cephalexin Ampicillin
6. Does this data support a hypothesis that some resistance genes evolved in bacteria that were not exposed to
modern antibiotics? Why or why not?
7. Did any antibiotics affect Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains very differently? What is a possible
explanation for this?
8. Which feature (antibiotic target) of bacteria seems to be the most resistant to antibiotics? Why might that be?
9. Thinking about the cellular features that antibiotics target, why do you think that antibiotics only harm bacterial
cells and not your own human cells?
10. From what other environments might scientists collect bacterial samples to further test their hypothesis that
antibiotic resistance is a trait that evolved without being influenced by modern antibiotic use?
11. What precautions might need to be taken by the scientists who work with these bacteria in the lab?
12. How many of the 26 antibiotics successfully killed 100% of the bacterial strains (both Gram-positive and Gram-
negative)?
13. What does this make you think about our ability to fight infections with our current arsenal of antibiotics?
14. Do the results of this study give us any insights into how we might combat antibiotic resistance going forward?
If so, what?
A Focus
Transcribed Image Text:6. Does this data support a hypothesis that some resistance genes evolved in bacteria that were not exposed to modern antibiotics? Why or why not? 7. Did any antibiotics affect Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains very differently? What is a possible explanation for this? 8. Which feature (antibiotic target) of bacteria seems to be the most resistant to antibiotics? Why might that be? 9. Thinking about the cellular features that antibiotics target, why do you think that antibiotics only harm bacterial cells and not your own human cells? 10. From what other environments might scientists collect bacterial samples to further test their hypothesis that antibiotic resistance is a trait that evolved without being influenced by modern antibiotic use? 11. What precautions might need to be taken by the scientists who work with these bacteria in the lab? 12. How many of the 26 antibiotics successfully killed 100% of the bacterial strains (both Gram-positive and Gram- negative)? 13. What does this make you think about our ability to fight infections with our current arsenal of antibiotics? 14. Do the results of this study give us any insights into how we might combat antibiotic resistance going forward? If so, what? A Focus
Expert Solution
Step 1

NOTE: As Per Guidelines, We Can Answer One Question At A Time. Ask Again To get rest answers. 

Introduction 

Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are effective against microorganisms. Antibiotic drugs are widely utilised in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections since they are the most common form of antibacterial agent. Bacteria may be killed or inhibited by these drugs.

trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Bacterial genomics
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780134580999
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:
9781947172517
Author:
Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:
OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781259398629
Author:
McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:
Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780815344322
Author:
Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:
W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781260159363
Author:
Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9781260231700
Author:
Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:
McGraw Hill Education