4. One technique to help people deal with phobias is to have them counteract the feared objects by using imagination to move themselves to a place of safety. In an experimental test of this technique, patients sit in front of a screen and are instructed to relax. Then, they are shown an image of the feared object. The patient signals the researcher as soon as feelings of anxiety reach a point at which viewing the image can no longer be tolerated. The researcher records the amount of time that the patient was able to endure looking at the image. The patient spends 2 minutes imaging a “safe scene” such as a tropical beach or a familiar room before the image is presented again. As before, the patient signals when the level of anxiety becomes intolerable. If patients can tolerate the feared object longer after the imagination exercise, it is viewed as a reduction in the phobia. The data in the table below summarize the times recorded for a sample of n-7 patients. Do the data indicate that the imagination technique effectively alters phobias? Patient Time before imagination Time after imagination A 15 24 B 10 23 C 7 11 D 18 25 E 5 14 F 9 14 G 12 21 5. Construct 95% confidence limits on the true mean difference for the experiment described in the previous exercise.
4. One technique to help people deal with phobias is to have them counteract the feared objects by using imagination to move themselves to a place of safety. In an experimental test of this technique, patients sit in front of a screen and are instructed to relax. Then, they are shown an image of the feared object. The patient signals the researcher as soon as feelings of anxiety reach a point at which viewing the image can no longer be tolerated. The researcher records the amount of time that the patient was able to endure looking at the image. The patient spends 2 minutes imaging a “safe scene” such as a tropical beach or a familiar room before the image is presented again. As before, the patient signals when the level of anxiety becomes intolerable. If patients can tolerate the feared object longer after the imagination exercise, it is viewed as a reduction in the phobia. The data in the table below summarize the times recorded for a sample of n-7 patients. Do the data indicate that the imagination technique effectively alters phobias?
|
Patient |
Time before imagination |
Time after imagination |
|
A |
15 |
24 |
|
B |
10 |
23 |
|
C |
7 |
11 |
|
D |
18 |
25 |
|
E |
5 |
14 |
|
F |
9 |
14 |
|
G |
12 |
21 |
5. Construct 95% confidence limits on the true mean difference for the experiment described in the previous exercise.
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