4. [6] University officials hope that changes made have improved the retention rate. In 2018, a sample of 2006 freshman showed that 1521 returned as sophomores. In 2019, 1598 of 2056 freshman sampled returned as sophomores. Determine if there is sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level to say that retention rate has improved. Show rejection regions with labelled critical value(s) Но: Hi: Critical Value(s):
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- According to a certain government agency for a large country, the proportion of fatal traffic accidents in the country in which the driver had a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is 0.38. Suppose a random sample of 105 traffic fatalities in a certain region results in 51 that involved a positive BAC. Does the sample evidence suggest that the region has a higher proportion of traffic fatalities involving a positive BAC than the country at the a = 0.01 level of significance? Because npo (1 - Po 10, the sample size is 5% of the population size, and the sample the requirements for testing the hypothesis satisfied. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) can be reasonably assumed to be random, What are the null and alternative hypotheses? is given to be random, cannot be reasonably assumed to be random, Ho: versus H,: (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.) is given to not be random, Find the test statistic, zo. Z0 = (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Find the P-value.…A sample of 150 matched pairs of banks was formed in a study comparing banks in Turkey and Germany. Each pair contained one bank from Turkey and one from Germany. The pairings were made in such a way that the two members were as similar as possible in regard to such factors as size and age. The ratio of total loans outstanding to total assets was calculated for each of the banks. For this ratio, the sample mean difference (Turkey - Germany) was 0.0412, and the sample standard deviation of the differences was 0.3039. Test, against a two-sided alternative, the null hypothesis that the two population means are equal. (Assume a = 0.01.) Click the icon to view the critical values of the Student's t distribution. Which of the following cor greater than tn-1, a/2 O B. Ho: Hx - Hy = 0 0< 1 - *rt :H O A. Ho: Hx -Hy =0 greater than - tn - 1, a 0# 서-저 : H O D. Ho: Hx-Hy = 0 OC. Ho: Hx-Hy #0 H: Hx-Hy =0 greater than t,-1. g 05 1 - Xt :'H less than -tn-1, a O F. Ho: Hx - Hy = 0 O E. Ho: Hx -Hy =0…Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet favorably affect several risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The principal dietary polyunsaturated fat is linoleic acid. Suppose we randomly selected twelve adults for our study. We took their blood pressure measurements (systolic blood pressure) at the start and recorded them for each adult. Then we placed required these adults to consume 23g/day of safflower oil which is high in linoleic acid for four weeks. At the end of the four weeks, we took another systolic blood pressure(SBP) measurement. The paired data is provided below: Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Baseline SBP 119.67 100.00 123.56 109.89 96.22 133.33 115.78 126.39 122.78 117.44 111.33 92.39 1-month SBP 117.33 98.78 123.83 107.67 95.67 128.89 113.22 121.56 126.33 110.39 107.00 93.06 Use the appropriate nonparametric test at alpha level of 0.05, to test whether the diet heavy in linoleic acid increases systolic blood pressure (SBP). Use Steps 0-5
- A researcher wants to test the effectiveness of a new drug to treat asthma. One hundred patients with chronic, stable asthma were randomly assigned to one of three groups to receive a placebo (0mg), 1mg of drug, or 5 mg of drug. After treatment, a doctor tested the patient’s forced expiratory volume for 1 second (FEV1). Which statistical test would be best to determine if there is a significant difference between groups? one-sample t-test dependent samples t-test independent samples t-test ANOVAFifteen years ago, a complete survey of all undergraduate students at a large University indicated that the average student smoked 7.7 cigarettes per day. Th director of the student health center wishes to determine whether the incidence of cigarette smoking at his University has lessened over the fifteen year period. He obtains the following results (in cigarettes smoked per day) from a random sample of 9 students. 6.1, 9.2, 5, 6.3, 4.8, 3.2, 7.6, 8.1, 9. Test the null hypothesis at the .05 level significane.A cell phone manufacturer tests the battery lifetimes of its cell phones by recording the time it takes for the battery charges to run out while testers are streaming videos on the phones continuously. The manufacturer claims that the population mean of the battery lifetimes of all phones of their latest model is 5.26 hours. As a researcher for a consumer information service, you want to test that claim. To do so, you select a random sample of 45 cell phones of the Español manufacturer's latest model and record their battery lifetimes. Assume it is known that the population standard deviation of the battery lifetimes for that cell phone model is 2.42 hours. Based on your sample, follow the steps below to construct a 99% confidence interval for the population mean of the battery lifetimes for all phones of the manufacturer's latest model. Then state whether the confidence interval you construct contradicts the manufacturer's claim. (If necessary, consult a list of formulas.) 00 (a)…
- In intaglio printing, a design or figure is carved beneath the surface of hard metal or stone. Suppose that an experiment is designed to compare differences in mean surface hardness of steel plates used in intaglio printing (measured in indentation numbers), based on two different surface conditions-untreated and treated by lightly polishing with emery paper. In the experiment, 40 steel plates are randomly assigned-20 that are untreated, and 20 that are treated. The results of the experiment are in the “Intaglio” data in Chapter 10_HW_Data.xls. Assuming that the population variances from both conditions are equal, is there evidence of a difference in the mean surface hardness between untreated and treated steel plates? (use α = 0.05) Determine the p-value in (a) and interpret its meaning. In addition to equal variances, what other assumption is necessary in (a)? Repeat Problem (a), assuming that the population variances from untreated and treated steel plates are not…Suppose that Kim is a participant in a study that compares several coaching methods to see how they affect math Scholar Aptitude Test (SAT) scores. The grand mean of math SAT scores for all participants (My) in the study is 550. The group that Kim participated in had a mean math SAT score of 565. Kim’s individual score on the math SAT was 610. What was the estimate residual component (of Kim’s score, that is, the part of Kim’s score that was not related to the coaching method? (Both parts of this question call for specific numerical values as answers). What was that “effect” (ai) component of Kim's score? What pattern in grouped data would make SSwithin = 0? What pattern within data would make SSbetween = 0?The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA, 2017) estimates that 10.9% of the population of the United States age 18–24 had an episode of depression in the previous 12 months. Suppose a researcher takes a random sample of 225 United States adults aged 18–24. Determine the value of the sample proportion, p, such that 5% of samples of 225 United States adults age 18–24 are greater than p. You may find software or a z-table useful. Give your answer precise to three decimal places. p = II
- Suppose that, for one semester, you can collect the following data on a random sample of college juniors and seniors for each class taken: a standardised final exam score, percentage of lectures attended, a dummy variable indicating whether the class is within the student’s major, cumulative grade point average prior to the start of the semester, and SAT score. If you pool all of the data and use OLS, what are you assuming about unobserved student characteristics that affect performance and attendance rate and What roles do SAT score and prior GPA play in this regard?More than 10% of people carry the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The life-long presence of Toxoplasma cysts in neural and muscular tissues leads to prolongation of reaction times in infected subjects. The following table gives data from Prague on 15- to 29-year-old drivers who had been and had not been involved in accidents. The table also gives the number of drivers who were infected with Toxoplasma gondii and who were uninfected. Infected Uninfected Drivers with accidents 21 38 Drivers without accidents 38 211 Source: Flegr. J Havlicek, J., Kodym, P. Malý, M. & Smahel, Z. (2002). Increased risk of traffic accidents in subjects with latent toxoplasmosis: a retrospective case- control study. BMC infectious diseasex, 2, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-2-11 Complete the sentences to form the correct statements identifying the explanatory and response variables. Select from here: infection status. The explanatory variable is place of living. accident state. The response variable is age…A researcher believes that among the residents of a remote community, 30% have type O blood, 50% have type A blood, 10% have type B blood and 10% have type AB blood. She takes a random sample of 80 residents and finds that 20 had type O blood, 40 had type A blood, 12 had type B blood and 8 had type AB blood. Do the data follow the hypothesized distribution of blood type for this community? Test at a = .05. Round your answers to three decimal places, if necessary. Null hypothesis: Ho: Po = 0.3, PA = 0.5, PB = 0.1, PAB = 0.1 20 40 12 8 80 80 80 80 1 1 1 20 40 8 Ho: Po = Ho: Po = Alternative hypothesis: Ho: Po = PA = PB = PAB = Ha: po # Type O 1 Ha: Po PA PB = PAB = 4 20 › PA = PA = Type 0 20 24 40 80 80 Ha: Po 0.3, PA # 0.5, PB At least one of the proportions is different. Complete the table of observed counts: Type O , PA # 0.667 Type A PB = PB = 40 Type A 40 What is the test statistic? 2.667 1 ,PB # 0 , PAB = 1 12¹ PAB Complete the table of expected counts under the null hypothesis: 12…