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- Which of the following comparisons or contrasts between endergonic and exergonic reactions is false? Endergonic reactions have a positive ?G and exergonic reactions have a negative ?G Endergonic reactions consume energy and exergonic reactions release energy Both endergonic and exergonic reactions require a small amount of energy to overcome an activation barrier Endergonic reactions take place slowly and exergonic reactions take place quickly.The following chemical reactants produce the ester ethyl ethanoate (C4H8O2): C2H6O + CH3COOH What type of reaction occurs to make ethyl ethanoate? condensation hydrolysis combustion acid-base reactionWhich of the following substances does not participate in the CalvinBenson cycle? a. ATP b. NADPH c. RuBP d. PGAL e. O2 f. CO2
- The Krebs cycle converts ________ through a cycle of reactions. In the process, ATP, ________, and ________ are produced. acetyl CoA; FAD, NAD acetyl CoA; FADH2; NADH pyruvate; NAD; FADH2 pyruvate; oxygen; oxaloacetateA reducing chemical reaction. reduces the compound to a simpler form adds an electron to the substrate removes a hydrogen atom from the substrate is a catabolic reaction______ are always changed by participating in a reaction. a. Enzymes b. Cofactors c. Reactants d. Coenzymes
- Which of the following statements about inhibition is true? a. Allosteric inhibitors and allosteric activators are competitive for a given enzyme. b. If an inhibitor binds the active site, it is considered noncompetitive. c. If an inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, this competitive inhibition. d. A noncompetitive inhibitor is believed to change the shape of the enzyme, making its active site inoperable. e. Competitive inhibition is usually not reversible.GTP or ATP is produced during the conversion of isocitrate into ketoglutarate succinyl CoA into succinate fumarate into malate malate into oxaloacetateIn an enzymatic reaction: a. the enzyme leaves the reaction chemically unchanged. b. if the enzyme molecules approach maximal rate, and the substrate is continually increased, the rate of the reaction does not reach saturation. c. in the stomach, enzymes would have an optimal activity at a neutral pH. d. increasing temperature above the optimal value slows the reaction rate. e. the least important level of organization for an enzyme is its tertiary structure.
- Which of the following is the best way to judge the relative activation energies between two given chemical reactions? Compare the ?G values between the two reactions Compare their reaction rates Compare their ideal environmental conditions Compare the spontaneity between the two reactions.Understanding the Mechanisms of Reactions Related to Transketolase The mechanistic chemistry of the acetolactate synthase and phosphoketolase reactions (shown here) is similar to that of the transketolase reaction (Figure 22.30). Write suitable mechanisms for these reactions.The bonding of calcium, phosphorus, and other elements produces mineral crystals that are found in bone. This is an example of a(n) ________ reaction. catabolic synthesis decomposition exchange
