23.29 The phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and water requires 3.9 kcal/mol of energy. fructose 6-phosphate + HPO,2- fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H,0 a. What is the energy change for the reverse reaction-that is, the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to form fructose 6-phosphate? b. Write a coupled reaction that shows how the energy from ATP hydrolysis (-7.3 kcal/mol) can be used to drive the given reaction. c. What is the energy change for the coupled reaction? 23.30 a. Use the values in Problem 23.29 to calculate the energy change in the following reaction. fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP fructose 6-phosphate + ATP b. Is this reaction energetically favorable or unfavorable? c. Write this reaction using curved arrow symbolism. d. Can this reaction be used to synthesize ATP from ADP? Explain.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
Answer for 23.29
a) Since the energy required for the forward reaction is given as 3.9 Kcal/mol
hence for the reverse reaction energy will be -ve of forward reaction
Hence the energy change of reverse reaction is -3.9 Kcal/mol
b) The ATP hydrolysis reaction is as shown below
ATP + H20 -----> ADP + Pi + Energy
where energy given in qu = 7.3 Kcal/mol
Hence adding the above reaction with the given reaction we get the coupled reaction as
fructose 6 phosphate + ATP + HPO4- ----> fuctose-1,6-biphosphate + Pi
c.)
The energy change of the above coupled reaction = energy change of reaction 1 + energy change of reaction 2
=> energy change of the above coupled reaction = 3.9 + (-7.3) = -3.4 Kcal/mol
Since the net energy change of the couple reaction is -ve
And since the reactions with -ve energy change is spontaneous
Hence by coupling the reaction, we are making the phosphorylation reaction spontaneous
I need help interpreting it in 29.30 (image attached). Thank you
Souce: GENERAL ,ORGANIC AND BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY by Smith 4th Edition
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