H H- Choose the best classification based on the chain length for the shown. 010 ОН CH₂OH A) triose B) tetrose C) pentose D) hexose E) heptose Sacchan

Chemistry
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Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter22: Organic And Biological Molecules
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 176MP
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**Question 5 of 37**

Choose the best classification based on the chain length for the monosaccharide shown.

*Image Description:* 
There is a structural formula of a molecule displayed on the left side of the screen. It consists of the following groups:
- A carbon atom (central) bonded to:
  - One hydroxyl group (OH)
  - One hydrogen atom (H)
  - One aldehyde group (C=O)
  - One methylene glycol group (CH2OH)

*Answer Choices:*
A) triose
B) tetrose
C) pentose
D) hexose
E) heptose

**Explanation:** 
The image illustrates a monosaccharide with four carbon atoms in its chain. To classify it based on the number of carbon atoms:
- A **triose** has three carbon atoms.
- A **tetrose** has four carbon atoms.
- A **pentose** has five carbon atoms.
- A **hexose** has six carbon atoms.
- A **heptose** has seven carbon atoms.

Therefore, the correct classification of the monosaccharide shown is **B) tetrose**.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 5 of 37** Choose the best classification based on the chain length for the monosaccharide shown. *Image Description:* There is a structural formula of a molecule displayed on the left side of the screen. It consists of the following groups: - A carbon atom (central) bonded to: - One hydroxyl group (OH) - One hydrogen atom (H) - One aldehyde group (C=O) - One methylene glycol group (CH2OH) *Answer Choices:* A) triose B) tetrose C) pentose D) hexose E) heptose **Explanation:** The image illustrates a monosaccharide with four carbon atoms in its chain. To classify it based on the number of carbon atoms: - A **triose** has three carbon atoms. - A **tetrose** has four carbon atoms. - A **pentose** has five carbon atoms. - A **hexose** has six carbon atoms. - A **heptose** has seven carbon atoms. Therefore, the correct classification of the monosaccharide shown is **B) tetrose**.
**Characteristics of Amylopectin**

Plants store excess glucose as starch, which is composed of amylose and amylopectin. Identify the characteristics of amylopectin from the options below.

**A) A straight chain polysaccharide containing only straight chain α-1-4 linkages of glucose residues.**

**B) A polysaccharide containing α-1-4 linkages of glucose units and branching due to α-1-6 linkages of glucose residues.**

**C) A straight chain polysaccharide with α-1-4 linkages of glucose and galactose residues.**

**D) A branching polysaccharide containing α-1-4 linkages of glucose and galactose residues.**

**E) A branching polysaccharide containing α-1-4 linkages and α-1-6 linkages of glucose and galactose residues.**

**Explanation:**

Amylopectin is best described by option **B)**. It contains α-1-4 linkages of glucose units and branching due to α-1-6 linkages of glucose residues. 

In detail, amylopectin is a highly branched polysaccharide and one of the two components of starch, the other being amylose. While amylose consists of unbranched chains of glucose molecules (connected by α-1-4 glycosidic bonds), amylopectin consists of glucose units connected in a manner similar to amylose, but with additional branches created by α-1-6 glycosidic bonds approximately every 24 to 30 glucose units. This branching structure of amylopectin is crucial for its role in energy storage in plants, allowing enzymes easier access to the glucose molecules for quick energy release.
Transcribed Image Text:**Characteristics of Amylopectin** Plants store excess glucose as starch, which is composed of amylose and amylopectin. Identify the characteristics of amylopectin from the options below. **A) A straight chain polysaccharide containing only straight chain α-1-4 linkages of glucose residues.** **B) A polysaccharide containing α-1-4 linkages of glucose units and branching due to α-1-6 linkages of glucose residues.** **C) A straight chain polysaccharide with α-1-4 linkages of glucose and galactose residues.** **D) A branching polysaccharide containing α-1-4 linkages of glucose and galactose residues.** **E) A branching polysaccharide containing α-1-4 linkages and α-1-6 linkages of glucose and galactose residues.** **Explanation:** Amylopectin is best described by option **B)**. It contains α-1-4 linkages of glucose units and branching due to α-1-6 linkages of glucose residues. In detail, amylopectin is a highly branched polysaccharide and one of the two components of starch, the other being amylose. While amylose consists of unbranched chains of glucose molecules (connected by α-1-4 glycosidic bonds), amylopectin consists of glucose units connected in a manner similar to amylose, but with additional branches created by α-1-6 glycosidic bonds approximately every 24 to 30 glucose units. This branching structure of amylopectin is crucial for its role in energy storage in plants, allowing enzymes easier access to the glucose molecules for quick energy release.
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