Microscopic examination
The analysis of minute organisms, cellular organization of any biological structure, and composition of body fluids with the help of a microscope is known as microscopic examination. The magnification of specimens or samples under study helps in attaining a clearer picture of it.
Gram Staining
Named after Hans Christian Gram, a Danish bacteriologist, Gram stain is one of the most powerful staining techniques within microbiology. This technique was introduced in 1882 to identify pneumonia-causing organisms. The Gram staining technique uses crystal violet or methylene blue as primary staining colors to distinguish gram-positive from gram-negative organisms. Under a microscope, the gram-positive organisms appear purple-brown, retaining the primary color. Gram-negative organisms appear pink or red as they do not acquire the color of the primary stain.
2. What is negative staining and how does it work?
As bacteria contains clear protoplasmic matter, differing but slightly in the index of refraction from the medium during which they're growing, it's difficult with the standard microscope, except when special methods of illumination are used, to set them in the stained conditions. Therefore, staining is of primary importance for the recognition of bacteria. Staining is of two types- simple and differential staining.
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