2. For each of the following substances, indicate whether or not it enters the filtrate, and if so, how much is reabsorbed from the renal tubule into the peritubular capillaries or vasa recta, which hormone(s) regulate that reabsorption, and whether the hormone(s) increase or decrease reabsorption. Enters filtrate? If "yes", how much is reabsorbed? If "some", which hormones regulate reabsorption? SUBSTANCE Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Glucose Yes No All Some None Large proteins Yes No All Some None Very small proteins Yes No All Some None Na Yes No All Some None

2. For each of the following substances, indicate whether or not it enters the filtrate, and if so, how much is reabsorbed from the renal tubule into the peritubular capillaries or vasa recta, which hormone(s) regulate that reabsorption, and whether the hormone(s) increase or decrease reabsorption. Enters filtrate? If "yes", how much is reabsorbed? If "some", which hormones regulate reabsorption? SUBSTANCE Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Glucose Yes No All Some None Large proteins Yes No All Some None Very small proteins Yes No All Some None Na Yes No All Some None

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter48: Regulating The Internal Environment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK: Which of the following is an example of autoregulation of kidney function? a. The RAAS regulates Na1...

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The macula densa is/are: present in the renal medulla dense tissue present in the outer layer of the kidney cells present in the DCT and collecting tubules present in blood capillaries.
Which of the following is an example of autoregulation of kidney function? a. The RAAS regulates Na1 by secreting renin when blood pressure or blood volume decreases. b. The ADH system regulates water balance by decreasing water reabsorption and increasing excretion of salt. c. Receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus detect a higher salt concentration in the distal convoluted tubule and trigger constriction of the afferent arteriole to reduce glomerular filtration rate. d. ANF is released by the kidney to increase renin release. e. Angiotensin II lowers blood pressure by constricting arterioles.
Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytes
Plasma fluid filtered into Bowmans capsule flows directly into the ________. a. renal artery c. distal tubule b. proximal tubule d. loop of Henle
Which of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting duct
Kidneys return most of the water and small solutes back to blood by way of ___ . a. glomerular filtration b. tubular reabsorption c. tubular secretion d. both a and b
Fatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely rapid weight loss may cause this tissue to shrink so that the kidneys slip from their normal position. On rare occasions, the slippage can put a kink in one or both ureters and block urine flow. Suggest what might then happen to the kidneys.
Which of the following correctly describes a part of kidney function? a. Collecting ducts dilute urine because they are permeable tosalt but not water. b. In the ascending loop of Henle, Na1 and Cl2 move into thetubules because the osmolarity of the filtrate is increased. c. The descending loop of Henle receives filtrate from theascending loop. d. The distal convoluted tubule pumps water into the tubule byactive transport. e. The renal pelvis receives urine from the collecting ducts andcarries it to the ureters.
The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillaries
Figure 41.8 Loop diuretics are drugs sometimes used to treat hypertension. These drugs inhibit the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. A side effect is that they increase urination. Why do you think this is the case?
Drinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What effect will drinking a beer have on the permeability of kidney tubules to sodium? To water?
Match each .structure with a function. _____ ureter a. start of nephron _____ Bowmans capsule b. delivers urine to body surface _____ urethra c. carries urine from kidney to bladder _____ collecting tubules d. secretes ADH _____ glomerulus e. target to aldosterone _____ pituitary gland f. cluster of leaky capillaries