Decreased osmolarity in the renal interstitium and vasa recta results in - (Mark Two) decreased urine output increased movement of water out of the Loop of Henle decreased movement of water out of the Loop of Henle increased urine output

Q: Discuss hormones that regulate the mechanisms of kidney functions (RAAS)

A: The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs about the size of a closed fist that are located in the…

Q: In renal tubular failure, serum levels of B2 microglobulin are decreased and urine levels are…

A: B2 microglobulin is a type of a protein which is present on the surface of nucleated cells. These B2…

Q: You need to evaluate kidney function in a 55-year­-old obese man with type 2 diabetes; you ask him…

A: Key points to be noted from the case is as follows.The patient is a 55 year old manHe is obese with…

Q: Number the following structures in order of function (1 to 13) during urine formation.…

A: Kidneys are the paired main excretory organs. Basic unit of excretion is nephron present in the…

Q: following:    Cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons

A: The kidneys are made up of two parts- the cortex- it forms the outer part which is 5-10 mm in…

Q: Which of the following protein types would you predict is defective in kidney water balance…

A: The glomerulus of the nephron of both the kidneys filtrate about 180 L of water per day but only 1.5…

Q: Which of the following statements is FALSE?   Multiple Choice   Sensor cells in the macula densa…

A: Toxic and unwanted material need to be removed in the body. The process of removal of such toxic…

Q: The renal blood flows into the kidney is 1200 L min-1 with a concentration of total solutes of 296…

A: In an adult human usually, 1 to 1.8 liter of urination occurs in 24 hours. The urine volume depends…

Q: What causes polyuria during the renal insufficiency stage in chronic renal failure? Decreased…

A: Introduction:- The function of the urinary system is to filter the blood and produce urine as a…

Q: the kidney does ADH act to restore osmolarity to homeostatic values (280-300mOsm)

A: Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) or Vasopressin hormone is released from the neuro-secretory cells of the…

Q: Diabetic glomerulosclerosis can result from poor control of blood glucose. Briefly describe the…

A: Diabetic glomerulosclerosis, also known as Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome, is a type of nephropathy…

Q: Which correctly describes the mechanism of action of the loop diuretics? O They create a very…

A: Diuresis- This is a condition where the  kidney filters too much fluid which causes frequent…

Q: Which of the following sequences gives the correct order for urine formation? Group of answer…

A: The transparent yellowish, acidic fluid, with a characteristic pungent odour, that contains the…

Q: What test result would show that a patient has nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, after being given an…

A: Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disorder that causes electrolyte imbalances by inducing reduced…

Q: The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is…

A: GivenDrug reabsorption is negligible.

Q: Describe how the body adjusts the urine volume and concentration when plasma osmolarity is higher…

A: The normal plasma osmolality range is about 275-299 milli-osmoles per kilogram. Plasma osmolarity…

Q: Explain the kidney's role in water conservation. How much water is reabsorbed (by following other…

A: Kidneys role in water conservation. Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the…

Q: How does adh regulate kidney function? Please include blood osmolarity, the hypothalamus, adh,…

A: Blood makes the internal cell environment, meaning Milieu Interieur in terms of composition, volume,…

Q: Draw a schematic diagram showing the flow of water and salts in the proximal tubule of the kidney.…

A:

Q: In which component of the nephron does furosemide decrease fluid reabsorption? Select all that…

A: Furosemide is a potent diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the nephron…

Q: Trace the flow of filtrate from Renal capsule to urethra.

A: The paired kidneys are the main components of the urinary system. They are essential in controlling…

Q: Predict how ADH hypersecretion would affect the sodiumconcentration of the urine, and explain why.

A: ADH stands for anti-diuretic hormone and is also called vasopressin. It is the hormone that helps in…