Describe how the nephron loop and the collecting duct in the renal medulla interact in producing concentrated urine. How is the decision made whether urine is concentrated or diluted? What are the stimuli? Which hormones play a role?

Q: Define the concept of tubular secretion ?

A: The organ systems of the body like excretory system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system and…

Q: Individuals with a rare condition called diabetes insipidus do not produce vasopressin. How would…

A: Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are not related to each other. In case of diabetes mellitus…

Q: Ingestion of carbonated soft drinks, coffee, and tea instead of water has caused us to be…

A: Dehydration is defined as the condition where the body loses more fluids than that is in taken and,…

Q: 08

A: We know that The blood vessels transport blood throughout the body. The three major types of blood…

Q: Explain Basic Renal Processes?

A: Kidney is the chief excretory organ in the humans. Nephrons are the structural and functional unit…

Q: How do symporters in the ascending limb of the nephron loop and principal cells in the collecting…

A: Excretion is a natural cycle, which assumes an indispensable part by killing poisons and other…

Q: Renin is an important proteolytic enzyme produced by the kidney, involved in the control of…

A: Renin is an enzyme that helps to regulate blood pressure and keep sodium and potassium levels in the…

Q: What are the pathways for altering renal excretion of the substance to maintain stable body balance?

A: Urinary system maintains the electrolyte balance and acid-base balance of our body. Kidneys are the…

Q: Which of the following is a physiologic response of the kidneys to decreased plasma volume?…

A: Blood volume is the amount of water present in the blood that depends upon the salt concentration in…

Q: What chemical substances normally are present in urine?

A: Normal human urine is formed of water (nearly 96%), organic wastes (2.5%), inorganic salts (1.5%),…

Q: Explain how the nervous system and the excretory system have to work together to maintain water…

A: Hypothalamus controls the activity of the pituitary gland. Pituitary gland is attached to middle of…

Q: explain how the collecting duct and antidiuretic hormoneregulate the volume and concentration of…

A: Kidneys are the pair of bean shaped red color organs that are the crucial part of the excretory…

Q: Why is excretion important in order to achieve osmotic balance?

A: Excretion- It is a process by which the body's metabolic waste is eliminated out from an organism's…

Q: Contrast the rates of renal blood flow, renal plasmaflow, and glomerular filtration. How do they…

A: The kidneys filter the unwanted material from the blood, and urine is produced during excretion.…

Q: If urine/filtrate is hyperosmotic to the interstitial fluid, fluid would go from the interstitial…

A: Regulation of water levels in the system is a critical criterion since water is vital for the…

Q: What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous wastes in the form of uric acid? in the form of urea?

A: Uric acid can be defined as a waste byproduct. It is formed when our body breaks down the purines,…

Q: Explain the role of sodium-glucose cotransporters in the kidneys. Where are they generally found in…

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Q: A general principle of physiology is that structure is a determinant of—and has coevolved…

A: The renal corpuscle is principally responsible for filtering the blood. The renal corpuscle…

Q: Aldosterone affects sodium balance by impacting sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron. If MAP…

A: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological system in the body…

Q: With respect to the renal system, what is reabsorption? Why is it important? Please mention…

A: Kidneys are the organ of the urinary system that are principally accountable for helping in the…

Q: Contrast the benefits and costs of excreting each of the following:ammonia, uric acid, or urea.a

A: The metabolic wastes that contain nitrogen are called nitrogenous wastes. They are produced in the…

Q: List the three major processes in urine formation and describe where each occurs in the nephron and…

A: The urinary system, also known as the renal system or urinary tract, is made up of the kidneys,…

Q: What is the significance of juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) in kidney function?

A: The kidney is the bean shaped organ of about four to five inches present on the either side of the…

Q: Describe the importance of tubular secretion and list several substances that are secreted.

A: Tubular secretion is referred to as a phenomenon in which transfer of material occurs from tubular…

Q: How are functions of the urinary system related to those of the cardiovascular system? Explain why…

A: The urinary system is also referred to as the renal system. It comprises of kidneys, ureters,…

Q: Why do individuals with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secrete…

A: SIADH - syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone it is caused due to following.

Q: The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is…

A: GivenDrug reabsorption is negligible.

Q: )Name the two factors that trigger the release of ADH (vasopressin). b) What happens to plasma…

A: Since we answer the first question in case of multiple questions. If you want any specific question…

Q: what point does the filtrate then become urine in the part of the kidney is it after it passes the…

A: The process of eliminating waste products from the body is called excretion. The metabolic waste…

Q: Characterize the roles of each of the parts of the urinary system. (Kidneys, nephrons, ureters,…

A: Urinary system removes waste like urea and other toxic substances from our body.

Q: Why can’t the kidneys just excrete the filtered plasma without adjusting it’s content?

A: Kidneys are the paired structures found in the lower abdominal cavity. The main function of kidney…

Q: What is autoregulation in the kidney? What other regulatory mechanisms are at work in renal…

A: Kidneys are the primary organs of the excretory system.

Q: Aldosterone affects sodium balance by impacting sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron. If MAP…

A: Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the…

Q: Draw a schematic diagram showing the flow of water and salts in the proximal tubule of the kidney.…

A:

Q: The major action of ADH in the kidneys is to: a. increase water absorption by the proximal…

A: Introduction: ADH is abbreviated for anti-diuretic hormone and is also referred to as arginine…

Q: From inside to outside, list the three layers of supportive tissue that surround each kidney. Where…

A: Kidneys are bean shaped organs located in the abdominal cavity, one on each side of the vertebral…

Q: What are the three basic renal processes that lead to the formation of urine?

A: Kidneys are prime excretory organs. They filter blood and form about 1.5 lt of urine daily this…