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2. Another step in glycolysis: OP но 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

2. Another step in glycolysis: OP но 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Could you help propose a reasonable mechanism for the following biochemical transformation?
## Glycolysis: Step Transformation of 2-Phosphoglycerate to Phosphoenolpyruvate ### Step Overview: This image illustrates an important step in the glycolytic pathway, where 2-phosphoglycerate (2PG) is converted into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme enolase. ### Reaction Details: - **Reactant:** 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) - Structure: Contains a three-carbon backbone with a phosphate group attached to the second carbon. - Molecular Formula: C3H7O7P - **Product:** Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) - Structure: Also has a three-carbon backbone but has an enol phosphate group. - Molecular Formula: C3H5O6P ### Diagram Explanation: The diagram shows the chemical structures of both 2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate: 1. **2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG):** The structure on the left side of the diagram. It features: - A phosphate group (PO4) bonded to the second carbon (middle carbon) of the glycerate backbone. - A carboxyl group (COO-) at the first carbon. - A hydroxyl group (OH) at the third carbon. 2. **Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):** The structure on the right side of the diagram. It features: - An enol phosphate group (PO3) bonded to the second carbon via a double bond configuration. - A carboxyl group (COO-) at the first carbon. An arrow indicates the direction of the reaction from 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. ### Enzymatic Action: The conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate is catalyzed by enolase, an enzyme that facilitates the dehydration reaction, removing a molecule of water (H2O) to form the double bond characteristic of PEP. Understanding this step is crucial for students as it highlights the strategic transformation within glycolysis, preparing PEP for its subsequent roles in metabolic pathways.
Transcribed Image Text:## Glycolysis: Step Transformation of 2-Phosphoglycerate to Phosphoenolpyruvate ### Step Overview: This image illustrates an important step in the glycolytic pathway, where 2-phosphoglycerate (2PG) is converted into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme enolase. ### Reaction Details: - **Reactant:** 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) - Structure: Contains a three-carbon backbone with a phosphate group attached to the second carbon. - Molecular Formula: C3H7O7P - **Product:** Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) - Structure: Also has a three-carbon backbone but has an enol phosphate group. - Molecular Formula: C3H5O6P ### Diagram Explanation: The diagram shows the chemical structures of both 2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate: 1. **2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG):** The structure on the left side of the diagram. It features: - A phosphate group (PO4) bonded to the second carbon (middle carbon) of the glycerate backbone. - A carboxyl group (COO-) at the first carbon. - A hydroxyl group (OH) at the third carbon. 2. **Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):** The structure on the right side of the diagram. It features: - An enol phosphate group (PO3) bonded to the second carbon via a double bond configuration. - A carboxyl group (COO-) at the first carbon. An arrow indicates the direction of the reaction from 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. ### Enzymatic Action: The conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate is catalyzed by enolase, an enzyme that facilitates the dehydration reaction, removing a molecule of water (H2O) to form the double bond characteristic of PEP. Understanding this step is crucial for students as it highlights the strategic transformation within glycolysis, preparing PEP for its subsequent roles in metabolic pathways.
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