19. Draw the formulas of prevailing forms of amino acids at given pH values: General procedure of solving such problems Draw maximally protonated form of amino acid. Assign the pKA values to all acidic groups. In each acidic group separately (!), decide whether it is, at the pH given, dissociated or not. If pH < pKA = the corresponding acidic group is predominantly protonated. If pH > pKA = the corresponding acidic group is predominantly deprotonated (dissociated). If pH = pKA = the corresponding acidic group is dissociated exactly from 50 %. a. alanine at pH a) 1 b) 6 c) 11 (PKAI = 2.4; PKA2 = 9.9).

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19. Draw the formulas of prevailing forms of amino acids at given pH values:
General procedure of solving such problems
Draw maximally protonated form of amino acid. Assign the pKA values to all acidic groups.
In each acidic group separately (!), decide whether it is, at the pH given, dissociated or not.
If pH < pKA → the corresponding acidic group is predominantly protonated.
If pH > pKA = the corresponding acidic group is predominantly deprotonated (dissociated).
If pH = pKA = the corresponding acidic group is dissociated exactly from 50 %.
a. alanine at pH a) 1 b) 6 c) 11 (PKAI = 2.4%; PKA2 = 9.9).
b. lysine at pH=6 (PKA1 = 2.2; PKA2 = 9.0; PKA3 = 10.5).
%3D
c. glutamic acid at pH a) 3 b) 7 (pKA1 = 2.1; pKA2 = 9.5; PKA3 = 4.3).
Transcribed Image Text:19. Draw the formulas of prevailing forms of amino acids at given pH values: General procedure of solving such problems Draw maximally protonated form of amino acid. Assign the pKA values to all acidic groups. In each acidic group separately (!), decide whether it is, at the pH given, dissociated or not. If pH < pKA → the corresponding acidic group is predominantly protonated. If pH > pKA = the corresponding acidic group is predominantly deprotonated (dissociated). If pH = pKA = the corresponding acidic group is dissociated exactly from 50 %. a. alanine at pH a) 1 b) 6 c) 11 (PKAI = 2.4%; PKA2 = 9.9). b. lysine at pH=6 (PKA1 = 2.2; PKA2 = 9.0; PKA3 = 10.5). %3D c. glutamic acid at pH a) 3 b) 7 (pKA1 = 2.1; pKA2 = 9.5; PKA3 = 4.3).
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